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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">medvis</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Медицинская визуализация</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Medical Visualization</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1607-0763</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2408-9516</issn><publisher><publisher-name>RDS-Media Ltd.</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.24835/1607-0763-2018-4-108-126</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">medvis-612</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ГОЛОВА И ШЕЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>HEAD AND NECK</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>ДИФФУЗИОННАЯ КУРТОЗИСНАЯ МРТ В ОЦЕНКЕ МИКРОСТРУКТУРЫ ВЕЩЕСТВА ГОЛОВНОГО МОЗГА. РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЙ ЗДОРОВЫХ ДОБРОВОЛЬЦЕВ</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>DIFFUSION-KURTOSIS IMAGING IN ASSESMENT OF BRAIN MICROSTRUCTURE. HEALTHY VOLUNTEERS MEASURMENTS</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Погосбекян</surname><given-names>Э. Л.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pogosbekyan</surname><given-names>E. L.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Москва.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Eduard L. Pogosbekyan – med. physicist of Neuroradiology department.</p><p>Moscow.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">epogosbekyan@nsi.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Туркин</surname><given-names>А. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Turkin</surname><given-names>A. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Туркин Александр Мирович – канд. мед. наук, старший научный сотрудник отделения рентгеновских и радиоизотопных методов диагностики.</p><p>Москва.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alexander M. Turkin – cand. of med. sci., senior researcher of Neuroradiology department.</p><p>Moscow.</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Баев</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Baev</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Баев Александр Александрович – аспирант отделения рентгеновских и радиоизотопных методов диагностики.</p><p>Москва.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alexander A. Baev – med. doctor of Neuroradiology department.</p><p>Moscow.</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шульц</surname><given-names>Е. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shults</surname><given-names>E. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Шульц Евгений Игоревич – врач отделения рентгеновских и радиоизотопных методов диагностики.</p><p>Москва.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Evgeniy I. Shults – med. doctor of Neuroradiology department.</p><p>Moscow.</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Хачанова</surname><given-names>Н. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Khachanova</surname><given-names>N. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Хачанова Наталья Валерьевна – канд. мед. наук, профессор кафедры неврологии и нейрохирургии.</p><p>Москва.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Natalya V. Khachanova – cand. of med. sci., Assistant of Neurology and Neurosurgery Department.</p><p>Moscow.</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Максимов</surname><given-names>И. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Maximov</surname><given-names>I. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Максимов Иван Иванович – канд. физ.-мат. наук, старший научный сотрудник. </p><p>Осло.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ivan I. Maximov – cand. of phys.-math. sci., senior researcher.</p><p>Oslo.</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Фадеева</surname><given-names>Л. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Fadeeva</surname><given-names>L. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Фадеева Людмила Михайловна – ведущий инженер отделения рентгеновских и радиоизотопных методов диагностики. </p><p>Москва.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Lyudmila M. Fadeeva – lead. engineer of Neuroradiology department. </p><p>Moscow.</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Пронин</surname><given-names>И. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pronin</surname><given-names>I. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Пронин Игорь Николаевич – академик РАН, доктор мед. наук, профессор, заведующий отделением рентгеновских и радиоизотопных методов диагностики, заместитель директора по науке. </p><p>Москва.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Igor N. Pronin – Full Мember of the Russian Academy of Sciences, doct. of med. sci., Professor, Head of Neuroradiology department, Deputy Director.</p><p>Moscow.</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Корниенко</surname><given-names>В. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kornienko</surname><given-names>V. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Корниенко Валерий Николаевич – академик РАН, доктор мед. наук, профессор, научный консультант, отделение рентгеновских и радиоизотопных методов диагностики.</p><p>Москва.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Valeriy N. Kornienko – Full Мember of the Russian Academy of Sciences, doct. of med. sci., Professor, Сonsultant, Neuroradiology department. </p><p>Moscow.</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГАУ “Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр нейрохирургии им. акад. Н.Н. Бурденко” Минздрава России.</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal State Autonomous Institution “N.N. Burdenko National Medical Research Center of Neurosurgery” of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation.</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ГБОУ ВПО “Российский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет им. Н.И. Пирогова” Минздрава России.</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University.</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Университет Осло.</institution><country>Норвегия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Oslo University.</institution><country>Norway</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГАУ “Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр нейрохирургии им. акад. Н.Н. Бурденко” Минздрава России..</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal State Autonomous Institution “N.N. Burdenko National Medical Research Center of Neurosurgery” of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation.</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2018</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>28</day><month>08</month><year>2018</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>108</fpage><lpage>126</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Погосбекян Э.Л., Туркин А.М., Баев А.А., Шульц Е.И., Хачанова Н.В., Максимов И.И., Фадеева Л.М., Пронин И.Н., Корниенко В.Н., 2018</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2018</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Погосбекян Э.Л., Туркин А.М., Баев А.А., Шульц Е.И., Хачанова Н.В., Максимов И.И., Фадеева Л.М., Пронин И.Н., Корниенко В.Н.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Pogosbekyan E.L., Turkin A.M., Baev A.A., Shults E.I., Khachanova N.V., Maximov I.I., Fadeeva L.M., Pronin I.N., Kornienko V.N.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://medvis.rdsmedia.ru/jour/article/view/612">https://medvis.rdsmedia.ru/jour/article/view/612</self-uri><abstract><p>Цель исследования: изучить качественную и количественную вариативность диффузионных параметров белого и серого вещества головного мозга в группе здоровых добровольцев. Выявить связь диффузии и куртозиса МРТ с возрастными изменениями в структуре мозга.Материал и методы. В исследовании принимали участие 14 условно здоровых добровольцев (9 мужчин, 5 женщин; возраст от 21 года до 55 лет, средний 34 года). Они были разделены на 2 возрастные группы: 7 человек младше 35 лет (6 мужчин, 1 женщина, средний возраст 25 лет), 7 человек старше 35 лет (3 мужчины, 4 женщины, средний возраст 44 года). Исследования проводились на магнитно-резонансном томографе с напряженностью магнитного поля 3,0 Тл (Signa HDxt, General Electric, США) с использованием 8-канальной головной катушки с амплитудой градиента 50 мТ/м и скоростью нарастания 150 Т/м/с. Диффузионно-взвешенные измерения проводились на основе эхопланарной импульсной последовательности “спиновое эхо” (SE EPI) с TR = 10000 мс, TEmin = 102 мс, FОV = 240 мм, изотропным размером воксела 3 × 3 × 3 мм3 и набором диффузионных градиентов по 60 не компланарным направлениям. Использовались 3 значения диффузионных весов (b-фактора): 0, 1000 и 2500 с/мм2. Время сбора данных диффузионно-куртозисной МРТ (ДК МРТ) составило 22 мин. На вычисленных параметрических картах коэффициентов диффузии и куртозиса полуавтоматическим методом были удалены участки с внемозговыми структурами. Далее аффинными преобразованиями изображения мозга были трансформированы в пространство MNI152. Затем на трансформированные параметрические карты были наложены маски 9 анатомических областей мозга, для которых проводились вычисления значений коэффициентов диффузии и куртозиса. Результаты. Фракционная анизотропия (FA) варьировалась от значений 0,06 в конвекситальной коре затылочной доли до 0,25 в белом веществе больших полушарий, куртозисная анизотропия (KA) принимала значения от 0,03 до 0,14 в аналогичных отделах мозга. Аксиальный (AK), радиальный (RK) и средний куртозис (MK) были минимальными в верхней лобной извилине и максимальными в белом веществе больших полушарий. AK менялся от значений 0,55 до 0,72, RK – от 0,62 до 1,05 и MK – от 0,59 до 0,88. Аксиальная (AxEAD) и радиальная (RadEAD) диффузии внеаксональной воды были минимальными в скорлупе и максимальными в верхней лобной извилине. AxEAD менялась от значений 1,38 • 10–3 до 2,57 • 10–3, RadEAD – от 1,03 • 10–3 до 2,34 • 10–3. Доля аксональной воды (AWF) принимала минимальное значение в верхней лобной извилине, равное 0,18, и максимальное в белом веществе больших полушарий, равное 0,29. Значения индекса извитости внеаксональной среды (TORT) были в диапазоне от 1,06 в конвекситальной коре затылочной доли до 1,43 в белом веществе больших полушарий. У возрастных групп статистически значимо отличались только параметры AWF, RK, RadEAD в скорлупе, а также KA в верхней височной извилине. Максимальное значение корреляции с возрастом было получено у MK в переднем отделе верхней височной извилины, равное 0,562.Выводы. ДК МРТ является высокочувствительным методом оценки свойств микроструктуры мозгового вещества с учетом возрастных изменений.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Aim: discover quantitative and qualitative variance of diffusion parameters in white and gray matter of healthyvolunteers brain. Discover correlation between diffusion and kurtosis parameters, find out if there is correlation between the parameters and aging microstructural changes.Materials and methods. 14 healthy volunteers were investigated (9 men, 5 women; age from 21 to 55 years, mean 34). The volunteers were classified into two groups by age: 7 subjects who younger 35 (6 men and 1 woman, mean age 25) and 7 subjects who older 35 years (3 men and 4 women, mean age 44). We used 3.0 Tesla MRI (3.0T SignaHDxt, General Electric, USA) with 8 channel head coil, gradient strength 50 mT/m, slew rate 150 T/m/s. Diffusion imaging was based on echo planar “spin echo” sequence (SE EPI), TR = 10000 ms, TEmin = 102 ms, FOV = 240 mm, voxel size 3 × 3 × 3 mm3, 60 non-coplanar diffusion directions and three b-values: 0, 1000, 2500 s/mm2. Acquisition time of diffusion kurtosis imaging was 22 minutes. We excluded extracerebral areas on diffusion and kurtosis parametric maps using semi-automatic approach. After that, brain images were transformed to MNI152 space using affine method. Masks of 9 anatomical structures were applied to the transformed images. Diffusion and kurtosis values were measured in these structures. Results. Fractional anisotropy (FA) changed from 0.06 in lateral occipital cortex to 0.25 in cerebral white matter, kurtosis anisotropy (KA) changed from 0.03 to 0.14 in the same cerebral structures. Axial (AK), radial (RK) and mean kurtosis (MK) were minimal in superior frontal gyrus and maximal in cerebral white matter. AK changed from 0.55 to 0.72, RK changed from 0.62 to 1.05, MK from 0.59 to 0.88. Axial(AxEAD) and radial extra axonal water diffusion (RadEAD) were minimal in putamen and maximal in superior frontal gyrus. AxEAD was changing from 1.38 • 10–3 to 2.57 • 10–3, RadEAD from 1.03 • 10–3 to 2.34 • 10–3. Axonal water fraction (AWF) had minimal value 0,18 in superior frontal gyrus and maximal value 0.29 in cerebral white matter. Tortuosity (TORT) changed from 1.06 in lateral occipital cortex to 1.43 in cerebral white matter. There was significant difference between age groups in AWF, RK, RadEAD in putamen and in KA in superior temporal gyrus. Maximal correlation with age was in MK in superior temporal gyrus, anterior division. It was equal to 0.562.Conclusions: Diffusion kurtosis imaging is highly sensitive method of brain tissue microstructure assessment, which detects age-related changes.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>куртозис</kwd><kwd>диффузионно-куртозисная МРТ</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>kurtosis</kwd><kwd>diffusion kurtosis imaging</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Huisman T., Sorensen A., Hergan K., Gonzalez R., Schaefer P. Diffusion-weighted imaging for the evaluation of diffuse axonal injury in closed head injury. J. Comput. Assisted Tomogr. 2003; 27: 5–11.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Huisman T., Sorensen A., Hergan K., Gonzalez R., Schaefer P. Diffusion-weighted imaging for the evaluation of diffuse axonal injury in closed head injury. J. Comput. 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