<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">medvis</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Медицинская визуализация</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Medical Visualization</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1607-0763</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2408-9516</issn><publisher><publisher-name>RDS-Media Ltd.</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.24835/1607-0763-2017-5-82-93</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">medvis-475</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>БРЮШНАЯ ПОЛОСТЬ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ABDOMEN</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Эластометрия с применением форсированного импульса акустической радиации (ARFI-эластометрия) при хронических вирусных гепатитах</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Acoustic Radiation Force Impulse Elastometry (ARFI Elastometry) in Chronic Viral Hepatitis</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мегроян</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Megroyan</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>врач ультразвуковой диагностики лаборатории ультразвуковой диагностики ФГБНУ Российский научный центр хирургии им. акад. Б. В. Петровского, Москва</p><p>119991 Москва, Абрикосовский пер., д. 2. Российский научный центр хирургии им. акад. Б.В. Петровского, лаборатория ультразвуковой диагностики. Тел.: 8-499-248-16-00; +7-926-320-29-84</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>doctor of ultrasound diagnostics of B.V. Petrovsky National Research Centre of Surgery, Moscow</p><p>119991 Moscow, Abrikosovskii per., 2, B.V. Petrovsky National Research Centre of Surgery, Department of ultrasound diagnostics. Phone: +7-499-248-16-00; +7-926-320-29-84</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">alinamegroyan@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Камалов</surname><given-names>Ю. Р.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kamalov</surname><given-names>Ju. R.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор мед. наук, заведующий лабораторией ультразвуковой диагностики ФГБНУ “Российский научный центр хирургии им. акад. Б.В. Петровского”, Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>of med. sci., head of ultrasound diagnostics department of B.V. Petrovsky National Research Centre of Surgery, Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Филин</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Filin</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор мед. наук, заведующий отделением пересадки печени ФГБНУ “Российский научный центр хирургии им. акад. Б.В. Петровского”, Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>doct. of med. sci., head of department of liver transplantation of B.V. Petrovsky National Research Centre of Surgery, Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Семенков</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Semenkov</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор мед. наук, ведущий научный сотрудник отделения пересадки печени ФГБНУ “Российский научный центр хирургии им. акад. Б.В. Петровского”, Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>doct. of med. sci., leading researcher of department of liver transplantation of B.V. Petrovsky National Research Centre of Surgery, Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Морозова</surname><given-names>М. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Morozova</surname><given-names>M. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. мед. наук, ведущий научный сотрудник патологоанатомического  отделения ФГБНУ “Российский научный центр хирургии им. акад. Б.В. Петровского”, Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>cand. of med. sci., leading researcher of department of pathological anatomy B.V. Petrovsky National Research Centre of Surgery, Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Некрасова</surname><given-names>Т. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nekrasova</surname><given-names>T. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. мед. наук, доцент кафедры патологической анатомии им. акад.А.И. Струкова ФГАОУ ВО Первый МГМУ им. И.М. Сеченова Минздрава России (Сеченовский Университет), Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>cand. of med. sci., associate professor of chair of pathological anatomy of I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБНУ “Российский научный центр хирургии им. акад. Б.В. Петровского”&#13;
&#13;
ФГАОУ ВО Первый МГМУ им. И.М. Сеченова Минздрава России (Сеченовский Университет)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>B.V. Petrovsky National Research Centre of Surgery&#13;
&#13;
I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2017</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>28</day><month>10</month><year>2017</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>5</issue><fpage>82</fpage><lpage>93</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Мегроян А.А., Камалов Ю.Р., Филин А.В., Семенков А.В., Морозова М.М., Некрасова Т.П., 2017</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2017</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Мегроян А.А., Камалов Ю.Р., Филин А.В., Семенков А.В., Морозова М.М., Некрасова Т.П.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Megroyan A.A., Kamalov J.R., Filin A.V., Semenkov A.V., Morozova M.M., Nekrasova T.P.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://medvis.rdsmedia.ru/jour/article/view/475">https://medvis.rdsmedia.ru/jour/article/view/475</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Цель исследования</title><p>Цель исследования: определить информативность эластометрии с применением  форсированного импульса акустической радиации (ARFI-эластометрия) в выявлении стадий  фиброза печени у пациентов с хроническими вирусными гепатитами (ХВГ).</p></sec><sec><title>Материал и методы</title><p>Материал и методы. В исследование вошло 135 человек, которые были разделены на 2  группы. Для определения возможностей ARFI-эластометрии при ХВГ обследовано 103  (76,3%) пациента (основная группа) (мужчин – 52 (50,4%), женщин – 51 (49,5%)); среди  них с вирусным гепатитом В 11 пациентов, с вирусным гепатитом С 87 пациентов, с  вирусным гепатитом В+D 5 пациентов. Биопсия печени с последующим гистологическим  исследованием биоптата и определением стадии фиброза по шкале METAVIR выполнялась в  течение 1–2 дней после выполнения ультразвукового исследования. В контрольную группу  для определения жесткости паренхимы печени в норме вошло 32 (23,7%) здоровых  пациента (20 (62,5%) добровольцев и 12 (37,5%) потенциальных доноров фрагмента печени). Средний возраст пациентов составил 26,9 ± 5,3 года. У добровольцев в анамнезе отсутствовали заболевания печени, поджелудочной железы, желчевыводящих  путей; они имели нормальные показатели по данным общего и биохимического анализов крови.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Выявлена сильная корреляция (r = 0,74, р &lt; 0,001) между стадиями фиброза  по гистологии и жесткостью печени. При использовании ROC-анализа было выявлено, что  при пороговом значении скорости сдвиговой волны ≥1,36 м/с при стадиях фиброза F ≥ 2 диагностическая точность составила 77%, чувствительность – 65,9%, специфичность –  79,0%; при пороговом значении ≥ 1,41 м/с при стадиях фиброза F ≥ 3 диагностическая  точность – 95%, чувствительность – 95,5%, специфичность – 81,5%; при пороговом  значении &gt;1,66 м/с для стадии фиброза F = 4 диагностическая точность – 97%,  чувствительность – 93,3%, специфичность – 100%. Значения жесткости паренхимы печени при стадиях F0–F2 достоверно отличались от стадий F3–F4 (1,25 ± 0,18 м/с против 2,0 ± 0,52 м/с, р &lt; 0,05).</p></sec><sec><title>Выводы</title><p>Выводы. ARFI-эластометрия является достаточно точным инструментальным методом  определения фиброза печени при стадиях F ≥ 2. По мере увеличения степени фиброза  диагностическая точность ARFI-эластометрии возрастает и достигает наилучших значений при циррозе печени.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Purpose</title><p>Purpose: the aim of this study was to evaluate the reliabilityof ARFI elastometry for diagnosis of fibrosis severity stages in patients with chronic viral hepatitis.</p></sec><sec><title>Material and methods</title><p>Material and methods. ARFI elastometry measurements were  done in 103 patients. Mean age of patients was 39.2 ± 10.8 years.  The study included 11 patients with HBV chronic hepatitis, 87  patients with HCV chronic hepatitis and 5 patients with В+D chronic  hepatitis. Liver stiffness was measured using ARFI elastometry with  following liver biopsy which was made 1–2 after US study and  assessed according to the METAVIR score. Control group included 32  patients (20 (62.5%) volunteers and 12 (37.5%) potential liver  fragment donors). Mean age of patients was 26.9 ± 5.3 years. None  of the healthy subjects had a history of gastrointestinal, pancreatic or hepatic disease; all patients had a normal results of laboratory tests.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. Significant correlation (r = 0.74, р &lt; 0.001) was found  between ARFI measurements and liver fibrosis stages. The values of  ARFI elastometry for various stages of fibrosis were: F ≥ 2 – cut-off  &gt; 1.36 m/s (AUROC – 77%, sensitivity – 65.9%, specificity – 79%),  F ≥ 3 – cut-off &gt; 1.36 m/s (AUROC = 95%, sensitivity – 95,5%,  specificity – 81.5%), F = 4 – cut-off &gt; 1.66 m/s (AUROC – 97%, sensitivity – 93.3%, specificity – 100%). Liver stiffness  measurements in stages F0–F2 reliably differ from stages F3–F4 (1.25 ± 0.18 m/s vs 2.0 ± 0.52 m/s, р &lt; 0.05).</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. ARFI elastometry is reliable diagnostic method for liver  fibrosis detection in stages F ≥ 2. The best performance of this  method was shown for the prediction of severe fibrosis and cirrhosis.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>ультразвуковая диагностика</kwd><kwd>ARFI-эластометрия</kwd><kwd>жесткость печени</kwd><kwd>фиброз печени</kwd><kwd>хронические вирусные гепатиты</kwd><kwd>биопсия печени</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>ultrasound diagnostics</kwd><kwd>acoustic radiation force impulse elastometry (ARFI elastometry)</kwd><kwd>liver stiffness</kwd><kwd>liver fibrosis</kwd><kwd>chronic viral hepatitis</kwd><kwd>liver biopsy</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Постановление Главного государственного санитарного врача Российской Федерации от 11 марта 2013 г. № 9 г. Москва “О мероприятиях, направленных на стабилизацию заболеваемости парентеральными вирусными гепатитами в Российской Федерации”. Российская газета – Федеральный выпуск №6103 (127). https://rg.ru/2013/06/14/gepatit-dok.html Regulation of the Chief State Sanitary Doctor of the Russian Federation of 11th of March, 2013, N 9, Moscow “About activities focused on stabilizingof the incidence of parenteral viral hepatitis in the Russian Federation”. Rossiyskaya gazeta – Federal issue №6103 (127). https://rg.ru/2013/06/14/gepatit-dok.html (In Russian)</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Постановление Главного государственного санитарного врача Российской Федерации от 11 марта 2013 г. № 9 г. Москва “О мероприятиях, направленных на стабилизацию заболеваемости парентеральными вирусными гепатитами в Российской Федерации”. Российская газета – Федеральный выпуск №6103 (127). https://rg.ru/2013/06/14/gepatit-dok.html Regulation of the Chief State Sanitary Doctor of the Russian Federation of 11th of March, 2013, N 9, Moscow “About activities focused on stabilizingof the incidence of parenteral viral hepatitis in the Russian Federation”. Rossiyskaya gazeta – Federal issue №6103 (127). https://rg.ru/2013/06/14/gepatit-dok.html (In Russian)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Stanaway J.D., Flaxman A.D., Naghavi M., Fitzmaurice C., Vos T., Abubakar I., Abu-Raddad L.J., Assadi R., Bhala N., Cowie B., Forouzanfour M.H., Groeger J., Khayriyyah Mohd Hanafi ah, Jacobsen K., James S., MacLachlan J., Malekzadeh R., Martin N., Mokdad A., Murray C., Plass D., Rana S., Rein D., Richardus J.H., Sanabria J., Saylan M., Shahraz S., Samuel So, Vlassov V., Weiderpass E., Wiersma S., Younis M., Chuanhua Yu, Maysaa El Sayed Zaki, Cooke G. The global burden of viral hepatitis from 1990 to 2013: findings from global Burden of Disease Study. Lancet. 2016; 388 (10049): 1081–1089. DOI: 10.1016/S0140-6736(16)30579-7.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Stanaway J.D., Flaxman A.D., Naghavi M., Fitzmaurice C., Vos T., Abubakar I., Abu-Raddad L.J., Assadi R., Bhala N., Cowie B., Forouzanfour M.H., Groeger J., Khayriyyah Mohd Hanafi ah, Jacobsen K., James S., MacLachlan J., Malekzadeh R., Martin N., Mokdad A., Murray C., Plass D., Rana S., Rein D., Richardus J.H., Sanabria J., Saylan M., Shahraz S., Samuel So, Vlassov V., Weiderpass E., Wiersma S., Younis M., Chuanhua Yu, Maysaa El Sayed Zaki, Cooke G. The global burden of viral hepatitis from 1990 to 2013: findings from global Burden of Disease Study. Lancet. 2016; 388 (10049): 1081–1089. DOI: 10.1016/S0140-6736(16)30579-7.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Tatsumi C., Kudo M., Ueshima K., Kitai S., Takahashi S., Inoue T., Minami Y., Chung H., Maekawa K., Fujimoto K., Akiko T., Takeshi M. Noninvasive evaluation of hepatic fibrosis using serum fibrotic markers, transient elastography (FibroScan) and real-time tissue elastography. Intervirology. 2008; 51 (Suppl.1): 27–33. DOI: 10.1159/000122602.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Tatsumi C., Kudo M., Ueshima K., Kitai S., Takahashi S., Inoue T., Minami Y., Chung H., Maekawa K., Fujimoto K., Akiko T., Takeshi M. Noninvasive evaluation of hepatic fibrosis using serum fibrotic markers, transient elastography (FibroScan) and real-time tissue elastography. Intervirology. 2008; 51 (Suppl.1): 27–33. DOI: 10.1159/000122602.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Павлов Ч.С. Фиброз печени при хронических вирусных гепатитах: Автореф. дисс. ... д-ра мед. наук. М., 2009. 46 с. Pavlov Ch.S. Liver fibrosis in chronic viral hepatitis: abstract of PhD thesis. M., 2009. 46 p. (In Russian)</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Павлов Ч.С. Фиброз печени при хронических вирусных гепатитах: Автореф. дисс. ... д-ра мед. наук. М., 2009. 46 с. Pavlov Ch.S. Liver fibrosis in chronic viral hepatitis: abstract of PhD thesis. M., 2009. 46 p. (In Russian)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Tchelepi H., Ralls Ph.W., Radin R., Grant E. Sonography of Diffuse Liver Disease. J. Ultrasound Med. 2002; 21: 1023–1032.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Tchelepi H., Ralls Ph.W., Radin R., Grant E. Sonography of Diffuse Liver Disease. J. Ultrasound Med. 2002; 21: 1023–1032.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Frulio N., Trillaud H. Ultrasound elastography in liver. Diagn. Interv. Imaging. 2013; 94 (5): 515–534. DOI: 10.1016/j.diii.2013.02.005.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Frulio N., Trillaud H. Ultrasound elastography in liver. Diagn. Interv. Imaging. 2013; 94 (5): 515–534. DOI: 10.1016/j.diii.2013.02.005.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Rockey D.C., Caldwell S.H., Goodman Z.D., Nelson R.C., Smith A.D. American association for the study of liver diseases. Liver biopsy. Hepatology. 2009; 49 (3): 1017– 1044. DOI: 10.1002/hep.22742.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Rockey D.C., Caldwell S.H., Goodman Z.D., Nelson R.C., Smith A.D. American association for the study of liver diseases. Liver biopsy. Hepatology. 2009; 49 (3): 1017– 1044. DOI: 10.1002/hep.22742.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bedossa O., Dargere D., Paradis V. Sampling variability of liver fibrosis in chronic hepatitis C. Hepatology. 2003; 38: 1449–1457. DOI: 10.1016/j.hep.2003.09.022.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bedossa O., Dargere D., Paradis V. Sampling variability of liver fibrosis in chronic hepatitis C. Hepatology. 2003; 38: 1449–1457. DOI: 10.1016/j.hep.2003.09.022.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Friedrich-Rust M., Ong M.F., Herrmann E., Dries V., Samaras P., Zeuzem S., Sarrazin C. Real- time elastography for non-invasive assessment of liver fibrosis in chronic viral hepatitis. Am. J. Roentgenol. 2007; 188: 758–764. DOI: 10.2214/AJR.06.0322.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Friedrich-Rust M., Ong M.F., Herrmann E., Dries V., Samaras P., Zeuzem S., Sarrazin C. Real- time elastography for non-invasive assessment of liver fibrosis in chronic viral hepatitis. Am. J. Roentgenol. 2007; 188: 758–764. DOI: 10.2214/AJR.06.0322.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ochi H., Hirooka M., Koizumi Y., Miyake T., Tokumoto Y., Soga Y, Tada F., Abe M., Hiasa Y., Onji M. Real-time tissue elastography for evaluation of hepatic fibrosis and portal hypertension in non-alcoholic fatty liver diseases. Hepatology. 2012; 56: 1271–1278. DOI: 10.1002/hep.25756.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ochi H., Hirooka M., Koizumi Y., Miyake T., Tokumoto Y., Soga Y, Tada F., Abe M., Hiasa Y., Onji M. Real-time tissue elastography for evaluation of hepatic fibrosis and portal hypertension in non-alcoholic fatty liver diseases. Hepatology. 2012; 56: 1271–1278. DOI: 10.1002/hep.25756.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Castera L. Non-invasive methods to assess liver disease in patients with hepatitis B or C. Gastroenterology. 2012; 142 (6): 1293e4–302e4. DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2012.02.017.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Castera L. Non-invasive methods to assess liver disease in patients with hepatitis B or C. Gastroenterology. 2012; 142 (6): 1293e4–302e4. DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2012.02.017.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Imbert-Bismut F., Ratziu V., Pieroni L., Charlotte F., Benhamou Y., Poynard T. Biochemical markers of liver fibrosis in patients with hepatitis C virus infection: a prospective study. Lancet. 2001; 357 (9262): 1069–1075. DOI: 10.1016/S0140-6736(00)04258-6.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Imbert-Bismut F., Ratziu V., Pieroni L., Charlotte F., Benhamou Y., Poynard T. Biochemical markers of liver fibrosis in patients with hepatitis C virus infection: a prospective study. Lancet. 2001; 357 (9262): 1069–1075. DOI: 10.1016/S0140-6736(00)04258-6.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Adams L.A., Bulsara M., Rossi E., DeBoer B., Speers D., George J., Farrell G., McCaughan G.W., Jeffrey G.P. Hepascore: an accurate validated predictor of liver fibrosis in chronic hepatitis C infection. Clin. Chem. 2005; 51 (10): 1867–1873. DOI: 10.1373/clinchem.2005.048389.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Adams L.A., Bulsara M., Rossi E., DeBoer B., Speers D., George J., Farrell G., McCaughan G.W., Jeffrey G.P. Hepascore: an accurate validated predictor of liver fibrosis in chronic hepatitis C infection. Clin. Chem. 2005; 51 (10): 1867–1873. DOI: 10.1373/clinchem.2005.048389.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Cales P., Oberti F., Michalak S., Hubert-Fouchard I., Rousselet M.C., Konate A., Gallois Y., Ternisien C., Chevailler A., Lunel F. A novel panel of blood markers to assess the degree of liver fibrosis. Hepatology. 2005; 42 (6): 1373–1381. DOI: 10.1002/hep.20935.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Cales P., Oberti F., Michalak S., Hubert-Fouchard I., Rousselet M.C., Konate A., Gallois Y., Ternisien C., Chevailler A., Lunel F. A novel panel of blood markers to assess the degree of liver fibrosis. Hepatology. 2005; 42 (6): 1373–1381. DOI: 10.1002/hep.20935.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bamber J., Cosgrove D., Fromageau J., Bojunga J., Calliada F. Cantisani V, Correas J.M., D'Onofrio M., Drakonaki E.E., Fink M., Friedrich-Rust M., Gilja O.H., Havre R.F., Jenssen C., Klauser A.S., Ohlinger R., Saftoiu A., Schaefer F., Sporea I., Piscaglia F. EFSUMB Guidelines and recommendations on the clinical use of ultrasound elastography. Part 1: basic principles and technology. Ultraschall Med. 2013; 34: 169–184. DOI: 10.1055/s-0033-1335205.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bamber J., Cosgrove D., Fromageau J., Bojunga J., Calliada F. Cantisani V, Correas J.M., D'Onofrio M., Drakonaki E.E., Fink M., Friedrich-Rust M., Gilja O.H., Havre R.F., Jenssen C., Klauser A.S., Ohlinger R., Saftoiu A., Schaefer F., Sporea I., Piscaglia F. EFSUMB Guidelines and recommendations on the clinical use of ultrasound elastography. Part 1: basic principles and technology. Ultraschall Med. 2013; 34: 169–184. DOI: 10.1055/s-0033-1335205.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Cosgrove D., Piscaglia F., Bamber J., Bojunga J., Correas J.M., Gilja O.H., Klauser A.S., Sporea I., Calliada F., Cantisani V., D'Onofrio M., Drakonaki E.E., Fink M., Friedrich-Rust M., Fromageau J., Havre R.F., Jenssen C., Ohlinger R., Săftoiu A., Schaefer F., Dietrich C.F. EFSUMB guidelines and recommendations on the clinical use of ultrasound elastography. Part 2: Clinical applications. Ultraschall Med. 2013; 34: 238–253. DOI: 10.1055/s-0033-1335375.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Cosgrove D., Piscaglia F., Bamber J., Bojunga J., Correas J.M., Gilja O.H., Klauser A.S., Sporea I., Calliada F., Cantisani V., D'Onofrio M., Drakonaki E.E., Fink M., Friedrich-Rust M., Fromageau J., Havre R.F., Jenssen C., Ohlinger R., Săftoiu A., Schaefer F., Dietrich C.F. EFSUMB guidelines and recommendations on the clinical use of ultrasound elastography. Part 2: Clinical applications. Ultraschall Med. 2013; 34: 238–253. DOI: 10.1055/s-0033-1335375.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Dietrich C., Bamber J., Berzigotti A., Bota S., Cantisani V., Castera L, Cosgrove D., Ferraioli G., Friedrich-Rust M., Odd Helge Gilja, Goertz R., Karlas T., Knegt R., Ledinghen V., Piscaglia F., Procopet B., Saftoiu A., Paul S. Sidhu, Sporea I., Thiele M. EFSUMB Guidelines and Recommendations on the Clinical Use of Liver Ultra sound Elastography, Update 2017. Ultraschall Med. 2017; 38 (04): e16–e47. DOI: 10.1055/s-0043-103952.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Dietrich C., Bamber J., Berzigotti A., Bota S., Cantisani V., Castera L, Cosgrove D., Ferraioli G., Friedrich-Rust M., Odd Helge Gilja, Goertz R., Karlas T., Knegt R., Ledinghen V., Piscaglia F., Procopet B., Saftoiu A., Paul S. Sidhu, Sporea I., Thiele M. EFSUMB Guidelines and Recommendations on the Clinical Use of Liver Ultra sound Elastography, Update 2017. Ultraschall Med. 2017; 38 (04): e16–e47. DOI: 10.1055/s-0043-103952.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Piscaglia F., Salvatore V., Mulazzani L., Cantisani V., Schiavone C. Ultrasound shear wave elastography for liver disease. A clinical appraisal of the many actors on the stage. Ultrashall Med. 2016; 37: 1–5. DOI: 10.1055/s-0035-1567037.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Piscaglia F., Salvatore V., Mulazzani L., Cantisani V., Schiavone C. Ultrasound shear wave elastography for liver disease. A clinical appraisal of the many actors on the stage. Ultrashall Med. 2016; 37: 1–5. DOI: 10.1055/s-0035-1567037.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Friedrich-Rust M., Wunder K., Kriener S., Sotoudeh F., Richter S., Bojunga J., Herrmann E., Poynard T., Dietrich C.F., Vermehren J., Zeuzem S., Sarrazin C. Liver fibrosis in viral hepatitis: noninvasive assessment with acoustic radiation force impulse imaging versus transient elastography. Radiology. 2009; 252: 595–604. DOI: 10.1148/radiol.2523081928.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Friedrich-Rust M., Wunder K., Kriener S., Sotoudeh F., Richter S., Bojunga J., Herrmann E., Poynard T., Dietrich C.F., Vermehren J., Zeuzem S., Sarrazin C. Liver fibrosis in viral hepatitis: noninvasive assessment with acoustic radiation force impulse imaging versus transient elastography. Radiology. 2009; 252: 595–604. DOI: 10.1148/radiol.2523081928.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Yun M.H., Seo Y.S., Kang H.S., Lee K.G., Kim J.H., An H., Yim H.J., Keum B., Jeen Y.T., Lee H.S., Chun H.J., Um S.H., Kim C.D., Ryu H.S. The effect of the respiratory cycle on liver stiffness values as measured by transient elastography. J. Viral. Hepat. 2011; 18(9): 631– 636. DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2893.2010.01376.x.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Yun M.H., Seo Y.S., Kang H.S., Lee K.G., Kim J.H., An H., Yim H.J., Keum B., Jeen Y.T., Lee H.S., Chun H.J., Um S.H., Kim C.D., Ryu H.S. The effect of the respiratory cycle on liver stiffness values as measured by transient elastography. J. Viral. Hepat. 2011; 18(9): 631– 636. DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2893.2010.01376.x.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit21"><label>21</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Millonig G., Friedrich S., Adolf S., Fonouni H., Golriz M., Mehrabi A., Stiefel P., Pöschl G., Büchler M.W., Seitz H.K., Mueller S. Liver stiffness is directly influenced by central venous pressure. J. Hepatol. 2010; 52 (2): 206–210. DOI: 10.1016/j.jhep.2009.11.018.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Millonig G., Friedrich S., Adolf S., Fonouni H., Golriz M., Mehrabi A., Stiefel P., Pöschl G., Büchler M.W., Seitz H.K., Mueller S. Liver stiffness is directly influenced by central venous pressure. J. Hepatol. 2010; 52 (2): 206–210. DOI: 10.1016/j.jhep.2009.11.018.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit22"><label>22</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Castera L., Foucher J., Bernard P.H., Carvalho F., Allaix D., Merrouche W., Couzigou P., de Lédinghen V. Pitfalls of liver stiffness measurement: a 5-year prospective study of 13,369 examinations. Hepatology. 2010; 51 (3): 828–835. DOI: 10.1002/hep.23425.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Castera L., Foucher J., Bernard P.H., Carvalho F., Allaix D., Merrouche W., Couzigou P., de Lédinghen V. Pitfalls of liver stiffness measurement: a 5-year prospective study of 13,369 examinations. Hepatology. 2010; 51 (3): 828–835. DOI: 10.1002/hep.23425.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit23"><label>23</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Cohen E.B., Afdhal N.H. Ultrasound-based hepatic elastography origins, limitations, and applications. J. Clin. Gastroenterol. 2010; 44 (9): 637–645. DOI: 10.1097/MCG.0b013e3181e12c39.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Cohen E.B., Afdhal N.H. Ultrasound-based hepatic elastography origins, limitations, and applications. J. Clin. Gastroenterol. 2010; 44 (9): 637–645. DOI: 10.1097/MCG.0b013e3181e12c39.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit24"><label>24</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Frulio N., Laumonier H., Balabaud C., Trillaud H., Bioulac-Sage P. Hepatic congestion plays a role in liver stiffness. Hepatology. 2009; 50 (5): 1674–1675. DOI: 10.1002/hep.23109.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Frulio N., Laumonier H., Balabaud C., Trillaud H., Bioulac-Sage P. Hepatic congestion plays a role in liver stiffness. Hepatology. 2009; 50 (5): 1674–1675. DOI: 10.1002/hep.23109.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit25"><label>25</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kim J.E., Lee J.Y., Bae K.S., Han J.K., Choi B.I. Acoustic radiation force impulse elastography for focal hepatic tumors: usefulness for differentiating hemangiomas from malignant tumors. Korean J. Radiol. 2013; 14 (5): 743–753.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kim J.E., Lee J.Y., Bae K.S., Han J.K., Choi B.I. Acoustic radiation force impulse elastography for focal hepatic tumors: usefulness for differentiating hemangiomas from malignant tumors. Korean J. Radiol. 2013; 14 (5): 743–753.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit26"><label>26</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bavu E., Gennisson J.L., Couade M., Bercoff J., Mallet V., Fink M., Badel A., Vallet-Pichard A., Nalpas B., Tanter M., Pol S. Noninvasive in vivo liver fibrosis evaluation using supersonic shear imaging: a clinical study on 113 hepatitis C virus patients. Ultrasound Med. Biol. 2011; 37 (9): 1361–1373. DOI: 10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2011.05.016.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bavu E., Gennisson J.L., Couade M., Bercoff J., Mallet V., Fink M., Badel A., Vallet-Pichard A., Nalpas B., Tanter M., Pol S. Noninvasive in vivo liver fibrosis evaluation using supersonic shear imaging: a clinical study on 113 hepatitis C virus patients. Ultrasound Med. Biol. 2011; 37 (9): 1361–1373. DOI: 10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2011.05.016.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit27"><label>27</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Rizzo L., Calvaruso V., Cacopardo B., Alessi N., Attanasio M., Petta S., Fatuzzo F., Montineri A., Mazzola A., L’abbate L., Nunnari G., Bronte F., Di Marco V., Craxì A., Cammà C. Comparison of transient elastography and acoustic radiation force impulse for non-invasive staging of liver fibrosis in patients with chronic hepatitis C. Am. J. Gastroenterol. 2011; 106 (12): 2112–2120. DOI: 10.1038/ajg.2011.341.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Rizzo L., Calvaruso V., Cacopardo B., Alessi N., Attanasio M., Petta S., Fatuzzo F., Montineri A., Mazzola A., L’abbate L., Nunnari G., Bronte F., Di Marco V., Craxì A., Cammà C. Comparison of transient elastography and acoustic radiation force impulse for non-invasive staging of liver fibrosis in patients with chronic hepatitis C. Am. J. Gastroenterol. 2011; 106 (12): 2112–2120. DOI: 10.1038/ajg.2011.341.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit28"><label>28</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Sporea I., Bota S., Peck-Radosavvlijevich M., Sirli R., Tanaka H., Iijima H., Badea R., Lupsor M., Fierbinteanu- Braticevici C., Petrisor A., Saito H., Ebinuma H., Friedrich- Rust M., Sarrazin C., Takahashi H., Ono N., Piscaglia F., Borghi A., D'Onofrio M., Gallotti A., Ferlitsch A., Popescu A., Danila M. Acoustic radiation force impulse elastography for fibrosis evaluation in patients with chronic hepatitis C: an international multicenter study. Eur. J. Radiol. 2012; 81 (12): 4112–4118. DOI: 10.1016/j.ejrad.2012.08.018.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sporea I., Bota S., Peck-Radosavvlijevich M., Sirli R., Tanaka H., Iijima H., Badea R., Lupsor M., Fierbinteanu- Braticevici C., Petrisor A., Saito H., Ebinuma H., Friedrich- Rust M., Sarrazin C., Takahashi H., Ono N., Piscaglia F., Borghi A., D'Onofrio M., Gallotti A., Ferlitsch A., Popescu A., Danila M. Acoustic radiation force impulse elastography for fibrosis evaluation in patients with chronic hepatitis C: an international multicenter study. Eur. J. Radiol. 2012; 81 (12): 4112–4118. DOI: 10.1016/j.ejrad.2012.08.018.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit29"><label>29</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ferralioli G., Tinelli C., Lissandrin R., Zicchetti M., Dal Bello B., Filice G., Filice C. Point shear wave elastography method for assessing liver stiffness. Wld J. Gastro enterol. 2014; 20 (16): 4787–4796. DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v20.i16.4787.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ferralioli G., Tinelli C., Lissandrin R., Zicchetti M., Dal Bello B., Filice G., Filice C. Point shear wave elastography method for assessing liver stiffness. Wld J. Gastro enterol. 2014; 20 (16): 4787–4796. DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v20.i16.4787.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit30"><label>30</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Friedrich-Rust M., Nierhoff J., Lupsor M., Sporea I., Fierbinteanu-Braticevici C., Strobel D., Takahashi H., Yoneda M., Suda T., Zeuzem S., Herrmann E. Performance of Acoustic Radiation Force Impulse imaging for the staging of liver fibrosis: a pooled meta-analysis. J. Viral Hepat. 2012; 19: e212–e219. DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2893.2011.01537.x.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Friedrich-Rust M., Nierhoff J., Lupsor M., Sporea I., Fierbinteanu-Braticevici C., Strobel D., Takahashi H., Yoneda M., Suda T., Zeuzem S., Herrmann E. Performance of Acoustic Radiation Force Impulse imaging for the staging of liver fibrosis: a pooled meta-analysis. J. Viral Hepat. 2012; 19: e212–e219. DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2893.2011.01537.x.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit31"><label>31</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ferralioli G., Filice C., Castera L., Choi B., Sporea I., Wilson S.R., Cosgrove D., Dietrich C.F., Amy D., Bamber J.C., Barr R., Chou Y.H., Ding H., Farrokh A., Friedrich-Rust M., Hall T.J., Nakashima K., Nightingale K.R., Palmeri M.L., Schafer F., Shiina T., Suzuki S., Kudo M. WFUMB guidelines and recommendations for clinical use of ultrasound elastography: Part 3: Liver. Ultrasound Med. Biol. 2015; 41 (5): 1161–1179. DOI: 10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2015.03.007.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ferralioli G., Filice C., Castera L., Choi B., Sporea I., Wilson S.R., Cosgrove D., Dietrich C.F., Amy D., Bamber J.C., Barr R., Chou Y.H., Ding H., Farrokh A., Friedrich-Rust M., Hall T.J., Nakashima K., Nightingale K.R., Palmeri M.L., Schafer F., Shiina T., Suzuki S., Kudo M. WFUMB guidelines and recommendations for clinical use of ultrasound elastography: Part 3: Liver. Ultrasound Med. Biol. 2015; 41 (5): 1161–1179. DOI: 10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2015.03.007.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit32"><label>32</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bedossa P., Poynard T. An algorithm for the grading of activity in chronic hepatitis C. The METAVIR Cooperative Study Group. Hepatology. 1996; 24 (2): 289–293. DOI: 10.1002/hep.510240201.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bedossa P., Poynard T. An algorithm for the grading of activity in chronic hepatitis C. The METAVIR Cooperative Study Group. Hepatology. 1996; 24 (2): 289–293. DOI: 10.1002/hep.510240201.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit33"><label>33</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Poynard T., Ratziu V., Benmanov Y., Di Martino V., Bedossa P., Opolon P. Fibrosis in patients with chronic hepatitis C: detection and significance. Semin. Liv. Dis. 2000; 20: 47–55.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Poynard T., Ratziu V., Benmanov Y., Di Martino V., Bedossa P., Opolon P. Fibrosis in patients with chronic hepatitis C: detection and significance. Semin. Liv. Dis. 2000; 20: 47–55.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit34"><label>34</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Piscaglia F., Salvatore V., Di Donato R. D'Onofrio M., Gualandi S., Gallotti A., Peri E., Borghi A., Conti F., Fattovich G., Sagrini E., Cucchetti A., Andreone P., Bolondi L. Accuracy of Virtual Touch Acoustic Radiation Force Impulse (ARFI) imaging for the diagnosis of cirrhosis during liver ultrasonography. Ultraschall Med. 2011; 32 (2): 167–175. DOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1245948.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Piscaglia F., Salvatore V., Di Donato R. D'Onofrio M., Gualandi S., Gallotti A., Peri E., Borghi A., Conti F., Fattovich G., Sagrini E., Cucchetti A., Andreone P., Bolondi L. Accuracy of Virtual Touch Acoustic Radiation Force Impulse (ARFI) imaging for the diagnosis of cirrhosis during liver ultrasonography. Ultraschall Med. 2011; 32 (2): 167–175. DOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1245948.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit35"><label>35</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Takahashi H., Naofumi O., Yuichiro E., Mizuta T., Anzai K., Miyoshi A., Yoneda M., Nakajima A., Fujimoto K. Acoustic Radiation Force Impulse Elastography A Non-Invasive Alternative to Liver Biopsy. Liver Biopsy; Saga, Japan, InTech. 2011; Chapter 21: 335–342. DOI: 10.5772/20795.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Takahashi H., Naofumi O., Yuichiro E., Mizuta T., Anzai K., Miyoshi A., Yoneda M., Nakajima A., Fujimoto K. Acoustic Radiation Force Impulse Elastography A Non-Invasive Alternative to Liver Biopsy. Liver Biopsy; Saga, Japan, InTech. 2011; Chapter 21: 335–342. DOI: 10.5772/20795.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit36"><label>36</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kaminuma C., Tsushima Y., Matsumoto N. Kurabayashi T., Taketomi-Takahashi A., Endo K. Reliable measurement procedure of virtual touch tissue quantification with acoustic radiation force impulse imaging. J. Ultrasound Med. 2011; 30 (6): 745–751.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kaminuma C., Tsushima Y., Matsumoto N. Kurabayashi T., Taketomi-Takahashi A., Endo K. Reliable measurement procedure of virtual touch tissue quantification with acoustic radiation force impulse imaging. J. Ultrasound Med. 2011; 30 (6): 745–751.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit37"><label>37</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Palmeri M.L., Wang M.H., Dahl J.J. Frinkley K.D., Nightingale K.R. Quantifying hepatic shear modulus in vivo using acoustic radiation force. Ultrasound Med. Biol. 2008; 34: 546–558. DOI: 10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2007.10.009.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Palmeri M.L., Wang M.H., Dahl J.J. Frinkley K.D., Nightingale K.R. Quantifying hepatic shear modulus in vivo using acoustic radiation force. Ultrasound Med. Biol. 2008; 34: 546–558. DOI: 10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2007.10.009.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit38"><label>38</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bota S., Sporea I., Sirli R., Popescu A., Dănilă M., Sendroiu M. Factors that influence the correlation of acoustic radiation force impulse (ARFI), elastography with liver fibrosis. Med. Ultrason. 2011; 13: 135–140.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bota S., Sporea I., Sirli R., Popescu A., Dănilă M., Sendroiu M. Factors that influence the correlation of acoustic radiation force impulse (ARFI), elastography with liver fibrosis. Med. Ultrason. 2011; 13: 135–140.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit39"><label>39</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">DeLong E.R., DeLong D.M., Clarke-Pearson D.L. Comparing the areas under two or more correlated receiver operating characteristic curves: a nonparametric approach. Biometrics. 1988; 44 (3): 837–845.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">DeLong E.R., DeLong D.M., Clarke-Pearson D.L. Comparing the areas under two or more correlated receiver operating characteristic curves: a nonparametric approach. Biometrics. 1988; 44 (3): 837–845.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit40"><label>40</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Millonig G., Reimann F.M., Friedrich S., Fonouni H., Mehrabi A., Buchler M.W., Seitz H.K., Mueller S. Extrahepatic cholestasis increases liver stiffness (FibroScan) irrespective of fibrosis. Hepatology. 2008; 48 (5): 1718– 1723. DOI: 10.1002/hep.22577.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Millonig G., Reimann F.M., Friedrich S., Fonouni H., Mehrabi A., Buchler M.W., Seitz H.K., Mueller S. Extrahepatic cholestasis increases liver stiffness (FibroScan) irrespective of fibrosis. Hepatology. 2008; 48 (5): 1718– 1723. DOI: 10.1002/hep.22577.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit41"><label>41</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Sporea I., Bota S., Jurchis A., Sirli R., Grădinaru-Tascău O., Popescu A., Ratiu I., Szilaski M. Acoustic radiation force impulse and supersonic shear imaging versus transient elastography for liver fibrosis assessment. Ultrasound Med. Biol. 2013; 39 (11): 1933–1941. DOI: 10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2013.05.003.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sporea I., Bota S., Jurchis A., Sirli R., Grădinaru-Tascău O., Popescu A., Ratiu I., Szilaski M. Acoustic radiation force impulse and supersonic shear imaging versus transient elastography for liver fibrosis assessment. Ultrasound Med. Biol. 2013; 39 (11): 1933–1941. DOI: 10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2013.05.003.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit42"><label>42</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Guzmán-Aroca F., Reus M., Berná-Serna J.D., Serrano L., Serrano C., Gilabert A., Cepero A. Reproducibility of shear wave velocity measurements by acoustic radiation force impulse imaging of the liver: a study in healthy volunteers. J. Ultrasound Med. 2011; 30 (7): 975–979.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Guzmán-Aroca F., Reus M., Berná-Serna J.D., Serrano L., Serrano C., Gilabert A., Cepero A. Reproducibility of shear wave velocity measurements by acoustic radiation force impulse imaging of the liver: a study in healthy volunteers. J. Ultrasound Med. 2011; 30 (7): 975–979.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit43"><label>43</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kuroda H., Kakisaka K., Tatemichi Y., Sawara K., Miyamoto Y., Oikawa K., Miyasaka A., Takikawa Y., Masuda T., Suzuki K. Non-invasive evaluation of liver fibrosis using acoustic radiation force impulse imaging in chronic hepatitis patients with hepatitis C virus infection. Hepatogastroenterology. 2010; 57 (102–103): 1203–1207.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kuroda H., Kakisaka K., Tatemichi Y., Sawara K., Miyamoto Y., Oikawa K., Miyasaka A., Takikawa Y., Masuda T., Suzuki K. Non-invasive evaluation of liver fibrosis using acoustic radiation force impulse imaging in chronic hepatitis patients with hepatitis C virus infection. Hepatogastroenterology. 2010; 57 (102–103): 1203–1207.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit44"><label>44</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Goertz R.S., Zopf Y., Jugl V., Heide R., Janson C., Strobel D., Bernatik T., Haendl T. Measurement of liver elasticity with acoustic radiation force impulse (ARFI) technology: an alternative noninvasive method for staging liver fibrosis in viral hepatitis. Ultraschall Med. 2010; 31 (2): 151–155. DOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1245244.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Goertz R.S., Zopf Y., Jugl V., Heide R., Janson C., Strobel D., Bernatik T., Haendl T. Measurement of liver elasticity with acoustic radiation force impulse (ARFI) technology: an alternative noninvasive method for staging liver fibrosis in viral hepatitis. Ultraschall Med. 2010; 31 (2): 151–155. DOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1245244.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit45"><label>45</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Karlas T., Pfrepper C., Wiegand J., Wittekind C., Neuschulz M., Mössner J., Berg T., Tröltzsch M., Keim V. Acoustic radiation force impulse imaging (ARFI) for noninvasive detection of liver fibrosis: examination standards and evaluation of interlobe differences in healthy subjects and chronic liver disease. Scand. J. Gastroenterol. 2011; 46 (12): 1458–1467. DOI: 10.3109/00365521.2011.610004.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Karlas T., Pfrepper C., Wiegand J., Wittekind C., Neuschulz M., Mössner J., Berg T., Tröltzsch M., Keim V. Acoustic radiation force impulse imaging (ARFI) for noninvasive detection of liver fibrosis: examination standards and evaluation of interlobe differences in healthy subjects and chronic liver disease. Scand. J. Gastroenterol. 2011; 46 (12): 1458–1467. DOI: 10.3109/00365521.2011.610004.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit46"><label>46</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Sporea I., Sirli R., Bota S., Fierbinţeanu-Braticevici C., Petrişor A., Badea R., Lupşor M., Popescu A., Dănilă M. Is ARFI elastography reliable for predicting fibrosis severity in chronic HCV hepatitis? Wld J. Radiol. 2011; 3 (7): 188– 193. DOI: 10.4329/wjr.v3.i7.188.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sporea I., Sirli R., Bota S., Fierbinţeanu-Braticevici C., Petrişor A., Badea R., Lupşor M., Popescu A., Dănilă M. Is ARFI elastography reliable for predicting fibrosis severity in chronic HCV hepatitis? Wld J. Radiol. 2011; 3 (7): 188– 193. DOI: 10.4329/wjr.v3.i7.188.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit47"><label>47</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Popescu A., Sporea I., Sirli R., Bota S., Focşa M., Dănilă M., Nicoliţă D., Martie A., Sendroiu M., Juchiş A. The mean values of liver stiffness assessed by Acoustic Radiation Force Impulse elastography in normal subjects. Med. Ultrason. 2011; 13 (1): 33–37.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Popescu A., Sporea I., Sirli R., Bota S., Focşa M., Dănilă M., Nicoliţă D., Martie A., Sendroiu M., Juchiş A. The mean values of liver stiffness assessed by Acoustic Radiation Force Impulse elastography in normal subjects. Med. Ultrason. 2011; 13 (1): 33–37.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit48"><label>48</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Rifai K., Cornberg J., Mederacke I., Bahr M.J., Wedemeyer H., Malinski P., Bantel H., Boozari B., Potthoff A., Manns M.P., Gebel M. Clinical feasibility of liver elastography by acoustic radiation force impulse imaging (ARFI). Dig. Liver Dis. 2011; 43 (6): 491–497. DOI: 10.1016/j.dld.2011.02.011.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Rifai K., Cornberg J., Mederacke I., Bahr M.J., Wedemeyer H., Malinski P., Bantel H., Boozari B., Potthoff A., Manns M.P., Gebel M. Clinical feasibility of liver elastography by acoustic radiation force impulse imaging (ARFI). Dig. Liver Dis. 2011; 43 (6): 491–497. DOI: 10.1016/j.dld.2011.02.011.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit49"><label>49</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Eiler J., Kleinholdermann U., Albers D., Dahms J., Hermann F., Behrens C., Luedemann M., Klingmueller V., Alzen G.F. Standard value of ultrasound elastography using acoustic radiation force impulse imaging (ARFI) in healthy liver tissue of children and adolescents. Ultraschall Med. 2012; 33 (5): 474–479. DOI: 10.1055/s-0032-1313145.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Eiler J., Kleinholdermann U., Albers D., Dahms J., Hermann F., Behrens C., Luedemann M., Klingmueller V., Alzen G.F. Standard value of ultrasound elastography using acoustic radiation force impulse imaging (ARFI) in healthy liver tissue of children and adolescents. Ultraschall Med. 2012; 33 (5): 474–479. DOI: 10.1055/s-0032-1313145.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit50"><label>50</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Karlas T., Hempel M., Tröltzsch M., Huster D., Günther P., Tenckhoff H., Mössner J., Berg T., Keim V., Wiegand J. Noninvasive evaluation of hepatic manifestation in Wilson disease with transient elastography, ARFI, and different fibrosis scores. Scand. J. Gastroenterol. 2012; 47 (11): 1353–1361. DOI: 10.3109/00365521.2012.719924.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Karlas T., Hempel M., Tröltzsch M., Huster D., Günther P., Tenckhoff H., Mössner J., Berg T., Keim V., Wiegand J. Noninvasive evaluation of hepatic manifestation in Wilson disease with transient elastography, ARFI, and different fibrosis scores. Scand. J. Gastroenterol. 2012; 47 (11): 1353–1361. DOI: 10.3109/00365521.2012.719924.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit51"><label>51</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Jaffer O.S., Lung P.F., Bosanac D., Patel V.M., Ryan S.M., Heneghan M.A., Quaglia A., Sidhu P.S. Acoustic radiation force impulse quantification: repeatability of measurements in selected liver segments and influence of age, body mass index and liver capsule-to-box distance. Br. J. Radiol. 2012; 85: 858–863. DOI: 10.1259/bjr/74797353.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Jaffer O.S., Lung P.F., Bosanac D., Patel V.M., Ryan S.M., Heneghan M.A., Quaglia A., Sidhu P.S. Acoustic radiation force impulse quantification: repeatability of measurements in selected liver segments and influence of age, body mass index and liver capsule-to-box distance. Br. J. Radiol. 2012; 85: 858–863. DOI: 10.1259/bjr/74797353.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit52"><label>52</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Marginean C.O., Marginean C. Elastographic assessment of liver fibrosis in children: A prospective single center experience. Eur. J. Radiol. 2012; 81 (8): e870–874. DOI: 10.1016/j.ejrad.2012.04.014.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Marginean C.O., Marginean C. Elastographic assessment of liver fibrosis in children: A prospective single center experience. Eur. J. Radiol. 2012; 81 (8): e870–874. DOI: 10.1016/j.ejrad.2012.04.014.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit53"><label>53</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Crespo G., Fernández-Varo G., Mariño Z., Casals G., Miquel R., Martínez S.M., Gilabert R., Forns X., Jiménez W., Navasa M. ARFI, FibroScan, ELF, and their combinations in the assessment of liver fibrosis: a prospective study. J. Hepatol. 2012; 57 (2): 281–287. DOI: 10.1016/j.jhep.2012.03.016.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Crespo G., Fernández-Varo G., Mariño Z., Casals G., Miquel R., Martínez S.M., Gilabert R., Forns X., Jiménez W., Navasa M. ARFI, FibroScan, ELF, and their combinations in the assessment of liver fibrosis: a prospective study. J. Hepatol. 2012; 57 (2): 281–287. DOI: 10.1016/j.jhep.2012.03.016.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit54"><label>54</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kircheis G., Sagir A., Vogt C., Vom Dahl S., Kubitz R., Häussinger D. Evaluation of acoustic radiation force impulse imaging for determination of liver stiffness using transient elastography as a reference. Wld J. Gastroenterol. 2012; 18; 1077–1084. DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v18.i10.1077.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kircheis G., Sagir A., Vogt C., Vom Dahl S., Kubitz R., Häussinger D. Evaluation of acoustic radiation force impulse imaging for determination of liver stiffness using transient elastography as a reference. Wld J. Gastroenterol. 2012; 18; 1077–1084. DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v18.i10.1077.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit55"><label>55</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Yoon K.T., Lim S.M., Park J.Y., Kim do Y., Ahn S.H., Han K.H., Chon C.Y., Cho M., Lee J.W., Kim S.U. Liver stiffness measurement using acoustic radiation force impulse (ARFI) elastography and effect of necroinflammation. Dig. Dis. Sci. 2012; 57: 1682–1691. DOI: 10.1007/s10620-012-2044-4.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Yoon K.T., Lim S.M., Park J.Y., Kim do Y., Ahn S.H., Han K.H., Chon C.Y., Cho M., Lee J.W., Kim S.U. Liver stiffness measurement using acoustic radiation force impulse (ARFI) elastography and effect of necroinflammation. Dig. Dis. Sci. 2012; 57: 1682–1691. DOI: 10.1007/s10620-012-2044-4.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit56"><label>56</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Son C.Y., Kim S.U., Han W.K., Choi G.H., Park H., Yang S.C., Choi J.S., Park J.Y., Kim do Y., Ahn S.H., Chon C.Y., Han K.H. Normal liver elasticity values using acoustic radiation force impulse imaging: a prospective study in healthy living liver and kidney donors. J. Gastroenterol. Hepatol. 2012; 27 (1): 130–136. DOI: 10.1111/j.1440-1746.2011.06814.x.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Son C.Y., Kim S.U., Han W.K., Choi G.H., Park H., Yang S.C., Choi J.S., Park J.Y., Kim do Y., Ahn S.H., Chon C.Y., Han K.H. Normal liver elasticity values using acoustic radiation force impulse imaging: a prospective study in healthy living liver and kidney donors. J. Gastroenterol. Hepatol. 2012; 27 (1): 130–136. DOI: 10.1111/j.1440-1746.2011.06814.x.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit57"><label>57</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">D’Onofrio M., Crosara S., De Robertis R., Canestrini S., Demozzi E., Gallotti A., Mucelli R.P. Acoustic radiation force impulse of the liver. Wld J. Gastroenterol. 2013; 19 (30): 4841– 4849. DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v19.i30.4841.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">D’Onofrio M., Crosara S., De Robertis R., Canestrini S., Demozzi E., Gallotti A., Mucelli R.P. Acoustic radiation force impulse of the liver. Wld J. Gastroenterol. 2013; 19 (30): 4841– 4849. DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v19.i30.4841.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit58"><label>58</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Gallotti A., D’Onofrio M., Macelli R. Acoustic radiation force impulse (ARFI) technique in ultrasound with Virtual Touch Tissue Quantification of upper abdomen. Radiol. Med. 2010; 115 (6): 889–897. DOI: 10.1007/s11547-010-0504-5.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gallotti A., D’Onofrio M., Macelli R. Acoustic radiation force impulse (ARFI) technique in ultrasound with Virtual Touch Tissue Quantification of upper abdomen. Radiol. Med. 2010; 115 (6): 889–897. DOI: 10.1007/s11547-010-0504-5.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit59"><label>59</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Colombo S., Buonocore M., Del Poggio A., Jamoletti C., Elia S., Mattiello M., Zabbialini D., Del Poggio P. Head-tohead comparison of transient elastography (TE), real-time ealastography (RTE) b acoustic force impulse (ARFI) imaging in the diagnosis of liver fibrosis. J. Gastroenterol. 2012; 47: 461–469. DOI: 10.1007/s00535-011-0509-4.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Colombo S., Buonocore M., Del Poggio A., Jamoletti C., Elia S., Mattiello M., Zabbialini D., Del Poggio P. Head-tohead comparison of transient elastography (TE), real-time ealastography (RTE) b acoustic force impulse (ARFI) imaging in the diagnosis of liver fibrosis. J. Gastroenterol. 2012; 47: 461–469. DOI: 10.1007/s00535-011-0509-4.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit60"><label>60</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Данзанова Т.Ю. Стратегия ультразвуковых диагностических технологий в хирургической гепатологии: Дисс. … д-ра мед. наук. М., 2015. 257 с. Danzanova T.Yu. The strategy of ultrasound diagnostic technologies in surgical hepatology: Diss. … doct. med. sci. M., 2015. 257 p. (In Russian)</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Данзанова Т.Ю. Стратегия ультразвуковых диагностических технологий в хирургической гепатологии: Дисс. … д-ра мед. наук. М., 2015. 257 с. Danzanova T.Yu. The strategy of ultrasound diagnostic technologies in surgical hepatology: Diss. … doct. med. sci. M., 2015. 257 p. (In Russian)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit61"><label>61</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lupsor M., Badea R., Stefanescu H., Sparchez Z., Branda H., Serban A., Maniu A.. Performance of a new elastographic method (ARFI technology) compared to unidimensional transient elastography in the noninvasive assessment of chronic hepatitis C. Preliminary results. J. Gastrointest. Liver. Dis. 2009; 18 (3): 303–310.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lupsor M., Badea R., Stefanescu H., Sparchez Z., Branda H., Serban A., Maniu A.. Performance of a new elastographic method (ARFI technology) compared to unidimensional transient elastography in the noninvasive assessment of chronic hepatitis C. Preliminary results. J. Gastrointest. Liver. Dis. 2009; 18 (3): 303–310.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit62"><label>62</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Fierbinteanu-Braticevici C., Andronescu D., Usvat R., Cretoiu D., Baicus C., Marinoschi G. Acoustic radiation force imaging sonoelastography for noninvasive staging of liver fibrosis. Wld J. Gastroenterol. 2009; 15: 5525–5532.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Fierbinteanu-Braticevici C., Andronescu D., Usvat R., Cretoiu D., Baicus C., Marinoschi G. Acoustic radiation force imaging sonoelastography for noninvasive staging of liver fibrosis. Wld J. Gastroenterol. 2009; 15: 5525–5532.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit63"><label>63</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Takahashi H., Ono N., Eguchi Y., Eguchi T., Kitajima Y., Kawaguchi Y., Nakashita S., Ozaki I., Mizuta T., Toda S., Kudo S., Miyoshi A., Miyazaki K., Fujimoto K. Evaluation of acoustic radiation force impulse elastography for fibrosis staging of chronic liver disease: a pilot study. Liver Int. 2010; 30: 538–545. DOI: 10.1111/j.1478-3231.2009.02130.x.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Takahashi H., Ono N., Eguchi Y., Eguchi T., Kitajima Y., Kawaguchi Y., Nakashita S., Ozaki I., Mizuta T., Toda S., Kudo S., Miyoshi A., Miyazaki K., Fujimoto K. Evaluation of acoustic radiation force impulse elastography for fibrosis staging of chronic liver disease: a pilot study. Liver Int. 2010; 30: 538–545. DOI: 10.1111/j.1478-3231.2009.02130.x.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit64"><label>64</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Haque M., Robinson C., Owen D., Yoshida E.M., Harris A. Comparison of acoustic radiation force impulse imaging (ARFI) to liver biopsy histologic scores in the evaluation of chronic liver disease: A pilot study. Ann. Hepatol. 2010; 9: 289–293.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Haque M., Robinson C., Owen D., Yoshida E.M., Harris A. Comparison of acoustic radiation force impulse imaging (ARFI) to liver biopsy histologic scores in the evaluation of chronic liver disease: A pilot study. Ann. Hepatol. 2010; 9: 289–293.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit65"><label>65</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Sporea I., Sirli R.L., Deleanu A., Popescu A., Focsa M., Danila M., Tudora A. Acoustic Radiation Force Impulse Elastography as Compared to Transient Elastography and Liver Biopsy in Patients with Chronic Hepatopathies. Ultraschall Med. 2011; 32, Suppl. 1: S46–52. DOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1245360.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sporea I., Sirli R.L., Deleanu A., Popescu A., Focsa M., Danila M., Tudora A. Acoustic Radiation Force Impulse Elastography as Compared to Transient Elastography and Liver Biopsy in Patients with Chronic Hepatopathies. Ultraschall Med. 2011; 32, Suppl. 1: S46–52. DOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1245360.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit66"><label>66</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bota S., Herkner H., Sporea I., Salzl P., Sirli R., Neghina A.M., Peck-Radosavljevic M. Meta- analysis: ARFI elastography versus transient elastography for the evaluation of liver fibrosis. Liver Int. 2013; 33 (8): 1138–1147.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bota S., Herkner H., Sporea I., Salzl P., Sirli R., Neghina A.M., Peck-Radosavljevic M. Meta- analysis: ARFI elastography versus transient elastography for the evaluation of liver fibrosis. Liver Int. 2013; 33 (8): 1138–1147.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
