<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">medvis</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Медицинская визуализация</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Medical Visualization</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1607-0763</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2408-9516</issn><publisher><publisher-name>RDS-Media Ltd.</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">medvis-356</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ГОЛОВА И ШЕЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>HEAD AND NECK</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>ПЭТ/КТ с 18F-ФЭТ в дифференциальной диагностике рецидивов и постлучевых изменений при метастатическом поражении головного мозга</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>PET/CT with 18F-FET in Differential Diagnosis of Recurrence and Post-Radiation Changes in Metastatic Brain Lesions</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Люосев</surname><given-names>А. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lyuosev</surname><given-names>A. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>научный сотрудник отделения позитронной эмиссионной томографии НИИ КиЭР ФГБУ “Российский онкологический научный центр им. Н.Н. Блохина” МЗ РФ, Москва</p><p>115478 Москва, Каширское шоссе, д. 23. Отделение позитронной эмиссионной томографии НИИ КиЭР ФГБУ “Российский онкологический научный центр им. Н.Н. Блохина”. Тел.: +7-909-626-82-81</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>medical doctor of PET department of N.N. Blokhin RCRC, Moscow</p><p>115478 Moscow, Kashirskoe shosse, 23. Department of positron emission tomography of N.N. Blokhin Russian Cancer Research Center. Phone: +7-909-626-82-81</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">v24seven@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Долгушин</surname><given-names>М. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Dolgushin</surname><given-names>M. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор мед. наук, профессор, заведующий отделением позитронной эмиссионной томографии НИИ КиЭР ФГБУ “Российский онкологический научный центр им. Н.Н. Блохина” МЗ РФ, Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>doct. of med. sci., head of PET department of N.N. Blokhin RCRC, Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Пронин</surname><given-names>А. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pronin</surname><given-names>A. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>научный сотрудник отделения позитронной эмиссионной томографии НИИ КиЭР ФГБУ “Российский онкологический научный центр им. Н.Н. Блохина” МЗ РФ, Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>medical doctor of PET department of FSBH of N.N. Blokhin RCRC, Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Оджарова</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Odzharova</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. мед. наук, старший научный сотрудник отделения позитронной эмиссионной томографии НИИ КиЭР ФГБУ “Российский онкологический научный центр им. Н.Н. Блохина” МЗ РФ, Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>cand. of med. sci., medical doctor of PET department of N.N. Blokhin RCRC, Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Михайлов</surname><given-names>А. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mikhailov</surname><given-names>A. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>врач отделения позитронной эмиссионной томографии НИИ КиЭР ФГБУ “Российский онкологический научный центр им. Н.Н. Блохина” МЗ РФ, Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>medical doctor of PET department of N.N. Blokhin RCRC, Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бекяшев</surname><given-names>А. Х.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bekyashev</surname><given-names>A. Kh.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор мед. наук, профессор, заведующий отделением нейрохирургии НИИ КО ФГБУ “Российский онкологический научный центр им. Н.Н. Блохина” МЗ РФ, Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>doct. of med. sci., head of neurosurgery department of N.N. Blokhin RCRC, Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Невзоров</surname><given-names>Д. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nevzorov</surname><given-names>D. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>инженер-радиохимик отделения позитронной эмиссионной томографии НИИ КиЭР ФГБУ “Российский онкологический научный центр им. Н.Н. Блохина” МЗ РФ, Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>engineer radiochemist of PET department of N.N. Blokhin RCRC, Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Нечипай</surname><given-names>Э. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nechipai</surname><given-names>E. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>врач рентгено-диагностического отделения НИИ КиЭР ФГБУ “Российский онкологический научный центр им. Н.Н. Блохина” МЗ РФ, Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>medical doctor of X-ray department of N.N. Blokhin RCRC, Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ильялов</surname><given-names>С. Р.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ilyalov</surname><given-names>S. R.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. мед. наук, врач Центра стереотаксической радиохирургии Гамма-Нож ФГАУ “НИИ нейрохирургии им. акад. Н.Н. Бурденко” МЗ РФ, Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>medical doctor of Stereotactic Radiosurgery Gamma Knife Center (Burdenko Neurosurgical Institute), Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ “Российский онкологический научный центр им. Н.Н. Блохина” Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>N.N. Blokhin RCRC</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Центр стереотаксической радиохирургии Гамма-Нож ФГАУ “НИИ нейрохирургии им. акад. Н.Н. Бурденко” Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Stereotactic Radiosurgery Gamma Knife Center (Burdenko Neurosurgical Institute)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2016</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>28</day><month>12</month><year>2016</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>6</issue><fpage>15</fpage><lpage>25</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Люосев А.С., Долгушин М.Б., Пронин А.И., Оджарова А.А., Михайлов А.И., Бекяшев А.Х., Невзоров Д.И., Нечипай Э.А., Ильялов С.Р., 2016</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2016</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Люосев А.С., Долгушин М.Б., Пронин А.И., Оджарова А.А., Михайлов А.И., Бекяшев А.Х., Невзоров Д.И., Нечипай Э.А., Ильялов С.Р.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Lyuosev A.S., Dolgushin M.B., Pronin A.I., Odzharova A.A., Mikhailov A.I., Bekyashev A.K., Nevzorov D.I., Nechipai E.A., Ilyalov S.R.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://medvis.rdsmedia.ru/jour/article/view/356">https://medvis.rdsmedia.ru/jour/article/view/356</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Цель исследования</title><p>Цель исследования: оценка возможностей ПЭТ/КТ с 18F-ФЭТ в дифференциальной диагностике рецидивов от постлучевых изменений у больных с метастатическим поражением головного мозга после стереотаксической радиохирургии (СРХ).</p></sec><sec><title>Материал и методы</title><p>Материал и методы. В исследование были включены результаты ПЭТ/КТ с 18F-ФЭТ и МРТ-исследований 23 пациентов с метастазами в головном мозге опухолей различной первичной локализации после проведенной СРХ на аппарате Гамма-нож. Количество патологических очагов, в которых были измерены количественные показатели, составило 48. Всем пациентам была выполнена трехэтапная ПЭТ/КТ с 18F-ФЭТ и минимум два МР-исследования в динамике. ПЭТ/КТ была выполнена в три этапа: первый – сразу после внутривенного введения 18F-ФЭТ, второй и третий этапы через 10 и 40 мин от момента введения соответственно. Данные оценивались визуально и с подсчетом показателей maxSUV1,2,3 и TBR1,2,3 соответственно трем этапам.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Накопление РФП в патологических очагах в подавляющем большинстве случаев (98%) характеризовалось более высокими значениями maxSUV1,2,3 относительно непораженного вещества головного мозга и только в одном случае накопление не превышало фоновое. Средние значения TBR1,2,3 были выше при рецидивах метастазов, чем при изменениях смешанного характера и лучевом некрозе. Определена значимость первого этапа сканирования с вычислением TBR1 – при рецидиве значения превышали 2,0, при смешанных изменениях и некрозе значения были ниже 2,0. Дополнительную информацию дает графический анализ динамики TBR1,2,3, который также позволяет дифференцировать смешанные изменения и постлучевой некроз по вектору кривой.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Комплексный анализ значения TBR1 и типа кривой является более точным критерием, чем одиночный анализ maxSUV1,2,3 в патологическом участке. В случае выявления рецидива возможно определение наиболее активного участка, что играет важную роль при планировании проведения повторной СРХ. Выявление смешанного характера изменений имеет прогностический характер и в большинстве случаев подразумевает динамический контроль.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Summary</title><p>Summary. Evaluation of the potential of PET/CT with 18F-FET in differential diagnosis recurrence from post-radiation changes in patients with metastatic brain lesions after stereotactic radiosurgery.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. The study included results of PET/CT with 18F-FET and MRI studies of 23 patients with brain metastases of primary tumors different localization after Gamma knife. Number of lesions in which was measured quantitative indicators were 48. All patients underwent three-phase PET/CT with 18F-FET and at least two dynamic MRI. PET/CT was performed in three stages: the first immediately after administration of 18F-FET, the second and third in 10 and 40 min after administration respectively. The data were evaluated visually with calculation of maxSUV1,2,3 and TBR1,2,3 respectively to the three phases of the studies.</p></sec><sec><title> </title><p> </p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. Accumulation of 18F-FET in the pathological lesions in the majority of cases (98%) were characterized by higher values of maxSUV1,2,3 relatively to the unaffected substance of the brain and only in one case the accumulation did not exceed background. The average values of the TBR1,2,3 were higher in the recurrence of metastases than in mixed and radiation necrosis changes. Determined the significance of the first stage of the scan with calculation TBR1 – values in the recurrence were higher than 2.0, than mixed changes and necrosis values that were below 2.0. Additional information gives graphical analysis of dynamics of TBR1,2,3, which also allows to differentiate mixed changes and postradiation necrosis by the vector curve.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. Comprehensive analysis of TBR1 values and curve type are more accurate criteria than single analysis maxSUV1,2,3 in the pathological area. In case of recurrence it is possible to determine the most active site, which plays an important role in planning for repeated radiosurgery. Identification of the mixed nature of changes have a predictive character and, in most cases, involve dynamic control.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>ПЭТ/КТ</kwd><kwd>18F-ФЭТ</kwd><kwd>метастазы</kwd><kwd>головной мозг</kwd><kwd>некроз</kwd><kwd>стереотаксическая радиохирургия.</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>PET/CT</kwd><kwd>18F-FET</kwd><kwd>metastases</kwd><kwd>MRI</kwd><kwd>necrosis</kwd><kwd>stereotactic radiosurgery</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Gagliardi F.M., Mercuri S. Single metastases in the brain: late results in 325 cases. Acta Neurochirurg. 1983; 68 (3–4): 253–262.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gagliardi F.M., Mercuri S. Single metastases in the brain: late results in 325 cases. Acta Neurochirurg. 1983; 68 (3–4): 253–262.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Oneschuk D., Bruera E. Palliative management of brain metastases. Supportive care in cancer. 1998; 6 (4): 365– 372.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Oneschuk D., Bruera E. Palliative management of brain metastases. Supportive care in cancer. 1998; 6 (4): 365– 372.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Soffietti R., Ruda R., Mutani R. Management of brain metastases. J. Neurol. 2002; 249 (10): 1357–1369.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Soffietti R., Ruda R., Mutani R. Management of brain metastases. J. Neurol. 2002; 249 (10): 1357–1369.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Мельникова Е.А. Метастазы опухолей в головной мозг. Нейрохирургия. 2005; 3: 61–65. Melnikova E.A. The metastatic tumors in the brain. Neurokhirurgiya. 2005; 3: 61–65. (In Russian)</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Мельникова Е.А. Метастазы опухолей в головной мозг. Нейрохирургия. 2005; 3: 61–65. Melnikova E.A. The metastatic tumors in the brain. Neurokhirurgiya. 2005; 3: 61–65. (In Russian)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Vecht C.J. Clinical management of brain metastasis. J. Neurol. 1998; 245 (3): 127–131.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Vecht C.J. Clinical management of brain metastasis. J. Neurol. 1998; 245 (3): 127–131.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Голанов А.В., Банов С.М., Ветлова Е.Р. и др. Радиохирургическое лечение метастазов в головной мозг. Результаты одноцентрового ретроспективного исследования. Злокачественные опухоли. 2015; 4 (спец. выпуск. 2): 58–65. Golanov A.V., Banov S.M., Vetlova E.R. et al. Radiosurgical treatment of brain metastases. The results of a singlecenter retrospective study. Zlokachestvennie opukholi 2015; 4 (Special Issue 2): 58–65. (In Russian)</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Голанов А.В., Банов С.М., Ветлова Е.Р. и др. Радиохирургическое лечение метастазов в головной мозг. Результаты одноцентрового ретроспективного исследования. Злокачественные опухоли. 2015; 4 (спец. выпуск. 2): 58–65. Golanov A.V., Banov S.M., Vetlova E.R. et al. Radiosurgical treatment of brain metastases. The results of a singlecenter retrospective study. Zlokachestvennie opukholi 2015; 4 (Special Issue 2): 58–65. (In Russian)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Suh J.H. Stereotactic radiosurgery for the management of brain metastases. New Engl. J. Med. 2010; 362 (12): 1119–1127.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Suh J.H. Stereotactic radiosurgery for the management of brain metastases. New Engl. J. Med. 2010; 362 (12): 1119–1127.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kano H., Kondziolka D., Lobato-Polo J. et al. T1/T2 matching to differentiate tumor growth from radiation effect safter stereotactic radiosurgery. Neurosurgery. 2010; 66 (3): 486–492.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kano H., Kondziolka D., Lobato-Polo J. et al. T1/T2 matching to differentiate tumor growth from radiation effect safter stereotactic radiosurgery. Neurosurgery. 2010; 66 (3): 486–492.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Dooms G.C., Hecht S., Brant-Zawadzki M. et al. Brain radiation lesions: MR imaging. Radiology. 1986; 158 (1): 149–155.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Dooms G.C., Hecht S., Brant-Zawadzki M. et al. Brain radiation lesions: MR imaging. Radiology. 1986; 158 (1): 149–155.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Galldiks N., Stoffels G., Filss C.P. et al. Role of O-(2-(18) F-fluoroethyl)-L-tyrosine PET for differentiation of local recurrent brain metastasis from radiation necrosis. J. Nucl. Med. 2012; 53 (9): 1367–1374.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Galldiks N., Stoffels G., Filss C.P. et al. Role of O-(2-(18) F-fluoroethyl)-L-tyrosine PET for differentiation of local recurrent brain metastasis from radiation necrosis. J. Nucl. Med. 2012; 53 (9): 1367–1374.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Davis P.C., Hudgins P.A., Peterman S.B. et al. Diagnosis of cerebral metastases: double- dose delayed CT vs contrastenhanced MR imaging. Am. J. Neuroradiol. 1991; 12 (2): 293–300.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Davis P.C., Hudgins P.A., Peterman S.B. et al. Diagnosis of cerebral metastases: double- dose delayed CT vs contrastenhanced MR imaging. Am. J. Neuroradiol. 1991; 12 (2): 293–300.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Schellinger P.D., Meinck H.M., Thron A. Diagnostic accuracy of MRI compared to CCT in patients with brain metastases. J. Neurooncol. 1999; 44 (3): 275–281.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Schellinger P.D., Meinck H.M., Thron A. Diagnostic accuracy of MRI compared to CCT in patients with brain metastases. J. Neurooncol. 1999; 44 (3): 275–281.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Palumbo B. Brain tumour recurrence: brain single-photon emission computerized tomography, PET and proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Nucl. Med. Communications. 2008; 29 (8): 730–735.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Palumbo B. Brain tumour recurrence: brain single-photon emission computerized tomography, PET and proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Nucl. Med. Communications. 2008; 29 (8): 730–735.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kickingereder P., Dorn F., Blau T. et al. Differentiation of local tumor recurrence from radiation-induced changes after stereotactic radiosurgery for treatment of brain metastasis: case report and review of the literature. Radiat. Oncol. 2013; 8 (1): 1–8.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kickingereder P., Dorn F., Blau T. et al. Differentiation of local tumor recurrence from radiation-induced changes after stereotactic radiosurgery for treatment of brain metastasis: case report and review of the literature. Radiat. Oncol. 2013; 8 (1): 1–8.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Galldiks N., Stoffels G., Ruge M.I. et al. Role of O-(2-(18) F-fluoroethyl)-L-tyrosine PET as a diagnostic tool for detection of malignant progression in patients with lowgrade glioma. J. Nucl. Med. 2013; 54 (12): 2046–2054.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Galldiks N., Stoffels G., Ruge M.I. et al. Role of O-(2-(18) F-fluoroethyl)-L-tyrosine PET as a diagnostic tool for detection of malignant progression in patients with lowgrade glioma. J. Nucl. Med. 2013; 54 (12): 2046–2054.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Palumbo B., Buresta T., Nuvoli S. et al. SPECT and PET serve as molecular imaging techniques and in Vivo biomarkers for brain metastases. Int. J. Molec. Sci. 2014; 15 (6): 9878–9893.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Palumbo B., Buresta T., Nuvoli S. et al. SPECT and PET serve as molecular imaging techniques and in Vivo biomarkers for brain metastases. Int. J. Molec. Sci. 2014; 15 (6): 9878–9893.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Singhal T., Narayanan T.K., Jain V. et al. 11C-L-methionine positron emission tomography in the clinical management of cerebral gliomas. Molec. Imaging Biol. 2008; 10 (1): 1–8.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Singhal T., Narayanan T.K., Jain V. et al. 11C-L-methionine positron emission tomography in the clinical management of cerebral gliomas. Molec. Imaging Biol. 2008; 10 (1): 1–8.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Gulyas B., Halldin C. New PET radiopharmaceuticals beyond FDG for brain tumor imaging. The quarterly journal of nuclear medicine and molecular imaging: official publication of the Italian Association of Nuclear Medicine (AIMN) [and] the International Association of Radiopharmacology (IAR), [and] Section of the Society of... 2012; 56 (2): 173–190.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gulyas B., Halldin C. New PET radiopharmaceuticals beyond FDG for brain tumor imaging. The quarterly journal of nuclear medicine and molecular imaging: official publication of the Italian Association of Nuclear Medicine (AIMN) [and] the International Association of Radiopharmacology (IAR), [and] Section of the Society of... 2012; 56 (2): 173–190.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Позитронная эмиссионная томография: руководство для врачей: Под ред. А.М. Гранова, Л.А. Тютина. СПб.: Фолиант, 2008. 610 с. Positron emission tomography: a guide for physicians. Eds A.M. Granov, L.A. Tyutin. SPb.: Foliant, 2008. 610 p. (In Russian)</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Позитронная эмиссионная томография: руководство для врачей: Под ред. А.М. Гранова, Л.А. Тютина. СПб.: Фолиант, 2008. 610 с. Positron emission tomography: a guide for physicians. Eds A.M. Granov, L.A. Tyutin. SPb.: Foliant, 2008. 610 p. (In Russian)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Tsuyuguchi N., Sunada I., Iwai Y. et al. Methionine positron emission tomography of recurrent metastatic brain tumor and radiation necrosis after stereotactic radiosurgery: is a differential diagnosis possible? J. Neurosurg. 2003; 98 (5): 1056–1064.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Tsuyuguchi N., Sunada I., Iwai Y. et al. Methionine positron emission tomography of recurrent metastatic brain tumor and radiation necrosis after stereotactic radiosurgery: is a differential diagnosis possible? J. Neurosurg. 2003; 98 (5): 1056–1064.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit21"><label>21</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Terakawa Y., Tsuyuguchi N., Iwai Y. et al. Diagnostic accuracy of 11C-methionine PET for differentiation of recurrent brain tumors from radiation necrosis after radiotherapy. J. Nuc. Med. 2008; 49 (5): 694–699.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Terakawa Y., Tsuyuguchi N., Iwai Y. et al. Diagnostic accuracy of 11C-methionine PET for differentiation of recurrent brain tumors from radiation necrosis after radiotherapy. J. Nuc. Med. 2008; 49 (5): 694–699.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit22"><label>22</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Grosu A.L., Astner S.T., Riedel E. et al. An Interindividual Comparison of O-(2-[18F] Fluoroethyl)-L-Tyrosine (FET)– and L-[Methyl-11C] Methionine (MET)–PET in Patients With Brain Gliomas and Metastases. Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys. 2011; 81 (4): 1049–1058.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Grosu A.L., Astner S.T., Riedel E. et al. An Interindividual Comparison of O-(2-[18F] Fluoroethyl)-L-Tyrosine (FET)– and L-[Methyl-11C] Methionine (MET)–PET in Patients With Brain Gliomas and Metastases. Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys. 2011; 81 (4): 1049–1058.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit23"><label>23</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ильялов С.Р. Стереотаксическая радиохирургия внутримозговых метастазов рака с применением установки гамма-нож: Дисс. … канд. мед. наук. М., 2008. 148 c. Ilyalov S.R. Stereotactic radiosurgery of intracranial cancer metastases using gamma knife. Diss. … kand. med. nauk. M., 2015. 148 p. (In Russian)</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ильялов С.Р. Стереотаксическая радиохирургия внутримозговых метастазов рака с применением установки гамма-нож: Дисс. … канд. мед. наук. М., 2008. 148 c. Ilyalov S.R. Stereotactic radiosurgery of intracranial cancer metastases using gamma knife. Diss. … kand. med. nauk. M., 2015. 148 p. (In Russian)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit24"><label>24</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Narang J., Jain R., Arbab A.S. et al. Differentiating treatment-induced necrosis from recurrent/progressive brain tumor using nonmodel-based semiquantitative indices derived from dynamic contrast-enhanced T1-weighted MR perfusion. Neurooncology. 2011; 29: nor075.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Narang J., Jain R., Arbab A.S. et al. Differentiating treatment-induced necrosis from recurrent/progressive brain tumor using nonmodel-based semiquantitative indices derived from dynamic contrast-enhanced T1-weighted MR perfusion. Neurooncology. 2011; 29: nor075.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit25"><label>25</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Patel T.R., McHugh B.J., Bi W.L. et al. A comprehensive review of MR imaging changes following radiosurgery to 500 brain metastases. Am. J. .Neuroradiol. 2011; 32 (10): 1885–1892.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Patel T.R., McHugh B.J., Bi W.L. et al. A comprehensive review of MR imaging changes following radiosurgery to 500 brain metastases. Am. J. .Neuroradiol. 2011; 32 (10): 1885–1892.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit26"><label>26</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Shah R., Vattoth S., Jacob R. et al. Radiation necrosis in the brain: imaging features and differentiation from tumor recurrence. Radiographics. 2012; 32 (5): 1343–1359.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Shah R., Vattoth S., Jacob R. et al. Radiation necrosis in the brain: imaging features and differentiation from tumor recurrence. Radiographics. 2012; 32 (5): 1343–1359.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit27"><label>27</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Verma N., Cowperthwaite M.C., Burnett M.G. et al. Differentiating tumor recurrence from treatment necrosis: a review of neuro-oncologic imaging strategies. Neurooncology. 2013; 16: nos307.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Verma N., Cowperthwaite M.C., Burnett M.G. et al. Differentiating tumor recurrence from treatment necrosis: a review of neuro-oncologic imaging strategies. Neurooncology. 2013; 16: nos307.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit28"><label>28</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ruzevick J., Kleinberg L., Rigamonti D. Imaging changes following stereotactic radiosurgery for metastatic intracranial tumors: differentiating pseudoprogression from tumor progression and its effect on clinical practice. Neurosurg. Rev. 2014; 37 (2): 193–201.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ruzevick J., Kleinberg L., Rigamonti D. Imaging changes following stereotactic radiosurgery for metastatic intracranial tumors: differentiating pseudoprogression from tumor progression and its effect on clinical practice. Neurosurg. Rev. 2014; 37 (2): 193–201.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit29"><label>29</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Насхлеташвили Д.Р., Абсалямова О.В., Алешин В.А. и др. Практические рекомендации по лекарственному лечению метастатических опухолей головного мозга. Злокачественные опухоли. 2015; 4 (спец. выпуск 2): 80–98. Nashletashvili D.R., Absalyamova O.V., Aleshin V.A. et al. Practical recommendations for drug treatment of metastatic brain tumors. Zlokachestvennie opukholi. 2015; 4 (Special Issue 2): 80–98. (In Russian)</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Насхлеташвили Д.Р., Абсалямова О.В., Алешин В.А. и др. Практические рекомендации по лекарственному лечению метастатических опухолей головного мозга. Злокачественные опухоли. 2015; 4 (спец. выпуск 2): 80–98. Nashletashvili D.R., Absalyamova O.V., Aleshin V.A. et al. Practical recommendations for drug treatment of metastatic brain tumors. Zlokachestvennie opukholi. 2015; 4 (Special Issue 2): 80–98. (In Russian)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit30"><label>30</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Журавлева М.А. Возможности перфузионной КТ в оценке эффективности комбинированного лечения глиальных опухолей головного мозга: Дисс. … канд. мед. наук. СПб., 2015. 182 с. Zhuravleva M.A. Possibilities of perfusion CT in the evaluation of the effectiveness of the combined treatment of glial brain tumors: Diss. … kand. med. nauk. Spb. 2015. 182 p. (In Russian)</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Журавлева М.А. Возможности перфузионной КТ в оценке эффективности комбинированного лечения глиальных опухолей головного мозга: Дисс. … канд. мед. наук. СПб., 2015. 182 с. Zhuravleva M.A. Possibilities of perfusion CT in the evaluation of the effectiveness of the combined treatment of glial brain tumors: Diss. … kand. med. nauk. Spb. 2015. 182 p. (In Russian)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit31"><label>31</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Peterson A.M., Meltzer C.C., Evanson E.J. et al. MR Imaging Response of Brain Metastases after Gamma Knife Stereotactic Radiosurgery 1. Radiology. 1999; 211 (3): 807–814.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Peterson A.M., Meltzer C.C., Evanson E.J. et al. MR Imaging Response of Brain Metastases after Gamma Knife Stereotactic Radiosurgery 1. Radiology. 1999; 211 (3): 807–814.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit32"><label>32</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Shaw E., Scott C., Souhami L. et al. Single dose radiosurgical treatment of recurrent previously irradiated primary brain tumors and brain metastases: final report of RTOG protocol 90-05. Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys. 2000; 47 (2): 291–298.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Shaw E., Scott C., Souhami L. et al. Single dose radiosurgical treatment of recurrent previously irradiated primary brain tumors and brain metastases: final report of RTOG protocol 90-05. Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys. 2000; 47 (2): 291–298.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit33"><label>33</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ross D.A., Sandler H.M., Balter J.M. et al. Imaging changes after stereotactic radiosurgery of primary and secondary malignant brain tumors. J. Neurooncol. 2002; 56 (2): 175–181.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ross D.A., Sandler H.M., Balter J.M. et al. Imaging changes after stereotactic radiosurgery of primary and secondary malignant brain tumors. J. Neurooncol. 2002; 56 (2): 175–181.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit34"><label>34</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kreth F.W., Muacevic A., Medele R. et al. The risk of haemorrhage after image guided stereotactic biopsy of intra-axial brain tumours – a prospective study. Acta Neurochir. 2001; 143 (6): 539–546.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kreth F.W., Muacevic A., Medele R. et al. The risk of haemorrhage after image guided stereotactic biopsy of intra-axial brain tumours – a prospective study. Acta Neurochir. 2001; 143 (6): 539–546.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit35"><label>35</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Heper A.O., Erden E., Savas A. et al. An analysis of stereotactic biopsy of brain tumors and nonneoplastic lesions: a prospective clinicopathologic study. Surg. Neurol. 2005; 64: S82–S88.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Heper A.O., Erden E., Savas A. et al. An analysis of stereotactic biopsy of brain tumors and nonneoplastic lesions: a prospective clinicopathologic study. Surg. Neurol. 2005; 64: S82–S88.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit36"><label>36</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Di Chiro G., DeLaPaz R.L., Brooks R.A. et al. Glucose utilization of cerebral gliomas measured by [18F] fluorodeoxyglucose and positron emission tomography. Neurology. 1982; 32 (12): 1323.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Di Chiro G., DeLaPaz R.L., Brooks R.A. et al. Glucose utilization of cerebral gliomas measured by [18F] fluorodeoxyglucose and positron emission tomography. Neurology. 1982; 32 (12): 1323.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit37"><label>37</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bělohlávek O., Šimonová G., Kantorová I. et al. Brain metastases after stereotactic radiosurgery using the Leksell gamma knife: can FDG PET help to differentiate radionecrosis from tumour progression? Eur. J. Nucl. Med. Molecul. Imaging. 2003; 30 (1): 96–100.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bělohlávek O., Šimonová G., Kantorová I. et al. Brain metastases after stereotactic radiosurgery using the Leksell gamma knife: can FDG PET help to differentiate radionecrosis from tumour progression? Eur. J. Nucl. Med. Molecul. Imaging. 2003; 30 (1): 96–100.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit38"><label>38</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lee H.Y., Chung J.K., Jeong J.M. et al. Comparison of FDG-PET findings of brain metastasis from non-small-cell lung cancer and small-cell lung cancer. Ann. Nucl. Med. 2008; 22 (4): 281–286.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lee H.Y., Chung J.K., Jeong J.M. et al. Comparison of FDG-PET findings of brain metastasis from non-small-cell lung cancer and small-cell lung cancer. Ann. Nucl. Med. 2008; 22 (4): 281–286.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit39"><label>39</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Савинцева Ж.И., Скворцова Т.Ю., Бродская З.Л. Современные методы нейровизуализации в дифференциальной диагностике лучевых поражений головного мозга у больных с церебральными опухолями. Лучевая диагностика и терапия. 2012; 1 (3): 15–23. Savintseva Zh.I., Skvortsova T.Yu., Brodskaya Z.L. Modern neuroimaging techniques in the differential diagnosis of radiation injuries of the brain in patients with cerebral tumors. Luchevaya diagnostikas i terapiya. 2012; 1 (3): 15–23. (In Russian)</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Савинцева Ж.И., Скворцова Т.Ю., Бродская З.Л. Современные методы нейровизуализации в дифференциальной диагностике лучевых поражений головного мозга у больных с церебральными опухолями. Лучевая диагностика и терапия. 2012; 1 (3): 15–23. Savintseva Zh.I., Skvortsova T.Yu., Brodskaya Z.L. Modern neuroimaging techniques in the differential diagnosis of radiation injuries of the brain in patients with cerebral tumors. Luchevaya diagnostikas i terapiya. 2012; 1 (3): 15–23. (In Russian)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit40"><label>40</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Трофимова Т.Н., Трофимов Е.А. Современные стратегии лучевой диагностики при первичных опухолях головного мозга. Практическая онкология. 2013; 14 (3): 141–147. Trofimova T.N., Trofimov E.A. Modern strategies for radiation diagnosis in primary brain tumors. Practicheskaya Oncologiya. 2013; 14 (3): 141–147. (In Russian)</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Трофимова Т.Н., Трофимов Е.А. Современные стратегии лучевой диагностики при первичных опухолях головного мозга. Практическая онкология. 2013; 14 (3): 141–147. Trofimova T.N., Trofimov E.A. Modern strategies for radiation diagnosis in primary brain tumors. Practicheskaya Oncologiya. 2013; 14 (3): 141–147. (In Russian)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit41"><label>41</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">von Schulthess G.K., ed. Molecular anatomic imaging: PET-CT and SPECT-CT integrated modality imaging. Lippincott Williams &amp; Wilkins, 2007: 150–152.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">von Schulthess G.K., ed. Molecular anatomic imaging: PET-CT and SPECT-CT integrated modality imaging. Lippincott Williams &amp; Wilkins, 2007: 150–152.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit42"><label>42</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hutterer M., Nowosielski M., Putzer D. et al. [18F]-fluoroethyl-L-tyrosine PET: a valuable diagnostic tool in neurooncology, but not all that glitters is glioma. Neurooncology. 2013; 341–351.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hutterer M., Nowosielski M., Putzer D. et al. [18F]-fluoroethyl-L-tyrosine PET: a valuable diagnostic tool in neurooncology, but not all that glitters is glioma. Neurooncology. 2013; 341–351.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit43"><label>43</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Unterrainer M., Schweisthal F., Suchorska B. et al. Serial 18F-FET PET imaging of primarily 18F-FET-negative glioma–does it make sense? J. Nucl. Med. 2016: jnumed-115.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Unterrainer M., Schweisthal F., Suchorska B. et al. Serial 18F-FET PET imaging of primarily 18F-FET-negative glioma–does it make sense? J. Nucl. Med. 2016: jnumed-115.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit44"><label>44</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Wyss M., Hofer S., Bruehlmeier M. et al. Early metabolic responses in temozolomide treated low-grade glioma patients. J. Neurooncol. 2009; 95 (1): 87–93.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Wyss M., Hofer S., Bruehlmeier M. et al. Early metabolic responses in temozolomide treated low-grade glioma patients. J. Neurooncol. 2009; 95 (1): 87–93.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit45"><label>45</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Piroth M.D., Pinkawa M., Holy R. et al. Integrated-boost IMRT or 3-D-CRT using FET-PET based auto-contoured target volume delineation for glioblastoma multiforme-a dosimetric comparison. Radiat. Oncol. 2009; 23; 4 (1):1.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Piroth M.D., Pinkawa M., Holy R. et al. Integrated-boost IMRT or 3-D-CRT using FET-PET based auto-contoured target volume delineation for glioblastoma multiforme-a dosimetric comparison. Radiat. Oncol. 2009; 23; 4 (1):1.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit46"><label>46</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Niyazi M., Geisler J., Siefert A. et al. FET–PET for malignant glioma treatment planning. Radiother. Oncol. 2011; 99 (1): 44–48.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Niyazi M., Geisler J., Siefert A. et al. FET–PET for malignant glioma treatment planning. Radiother. Oncol. 2011; 99 (1): 44–48.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit47"><label>47</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Heiss P., Mayer S., Herz M. et al. Investigation of transport mechanism and uptake kinetics of O-(2-[18F] fluoroethyl)- L-tyrosine in vitro and in vivo. J. Nucl. Med. 1999; 40 (8): 1367–1373.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Heiss P., Mayer S., Herz M. et al. Investigation of transport mechanism and uptake kinetics of O-(2-[18F] fluoroethyl)- L-tyrosine in vitro and in vivo. J. Nucl. Med. 1999; 40 (8): 1367–1373.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit48"><label>48</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Langen K.J., Jarosch M., Mühlensiepen H. et al. Comparison of fluorotyrosines and methionine uptake in F98 rat gliomas. Nucl. Med. Biol. 2003; 30 (5): 501– 508.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Langen K.J., Jarosch M., Mühlensiepen H. et al. Comparison of fluorotyrosines and methionine uptake in F98 rat gliomas. Nucl. Med. Biol. 2003; 30 (5): 501– 508.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit49"><label>49</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Langen K.J., Hamacher K., Weckesser M. et al. O-(2-[18F] fluoroethyl)-L-tyrosine: uptake mechanisms and clinical applications. Nucl. Med. Biol. 2006; 33 (3): 287– 294.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Langen K.J., Hamacher K., Weckesser M. et al. O-(2-[18F] fluoroethyl)-L-tyrosine: uptake mechanisms and clinical applications. Nucl. Med. Biol. 2006; 33 (3): 287– 294.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit50"><label>50</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">del Amo E.M., Urtti A., Yliperttula M. Pharmacokinetic role of L-type amino acid transporters LAT1 and LAT2. Еur. J. Pharmaceut. Sci. 2008; 35 (3): 161–174.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">del Amo E.M., Urtti A., Yliperttula M. Pharmacokinetic role of L-type amino acid transporters LAT1 and LAT2. Еur. J. Pharmaceut. Sci. 2008; 35 (3): 161–174.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit51"><label>51</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Jensen M.L. Image Analysis of FET PET scans performed during Chemo-Radiotherapy of Glioblastoma Multiforme. Faculty of health sciences university of Copenhagen. 2012: 8–14.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Jensen M.L. Image Analysis of FET PET scans performed during Chemo-Radiotherapy of Glioblastoma Multiforme. Faculty of health sciences university of Copenhagen. 2012: 8–14.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit52"><label>52</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Juhász C., Dwivedi S., Kamson D.O. et al. Comparison of amino acid positron emission tomographic radiotracers for molecular imaging of primary and metastatic brain tumors. Molec. Imaging. 2014; 13 (6): 7290–2014.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Juhász C., Dwivedi S., Kamson D.O. et al. Comparison of amino acid positron emission tomographic radiotracers for molecular imaging of primary and metastatic brain tumors. Molec. Imaging. 2014; 13 (6): 7290–2014.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit53"><label>53</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Stöber B., Tanase U., Herz M. et al. Differentiation of tumour and inflammation: characterisation of [methyl-3H] methionine (MET) and O-(2-[18F] fluoroethyl)-L-tyrosine (FET) uptake in human tumour and inflammatory cells. Eur. J. Nucl. Med. Molec. Imaging. 2006; 33 (8): 932–939.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Stöber B., Tanase U., Herz M. et al. Differentiation of tumour and inflammation: characterisation of [methyl-3H] methionine (MET) and O-(2-[18F] fluoroethyl)-L-tyrosine (FET) uptake in human tumour and inflammatory cells. Eur. J. Nucl. Med. Molec. Imaging. 2006; 33 (8): 932–939.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit54"><label>54</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Floeth F.W., Sabel M., Stoffels G. et al. Prognostic value of 18F-fluoroethyl-L-tyrosine PET and MRI in small nonspecific incidental brain lesions. J. Nucl. Med. 2008; 49 (5): 730–737.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Floeth F.W., Sabel M., Stoffels G. et al. Prognostic value of 18F-fluoroethyl-L-tyrosine PET and MRI in small nonspecific incidental brain lesions. J. Nucl. Med. 2008; 49 (5): 730–737.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit55"><label>55</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Tonn J.C., Westphal M., Rutka J.T. (eds.). Oncology of CNS tumors. Springer Science &amp; Business Media. 2010; 20: 345–361.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Tonn J.C., Westphal M., Rutka J.T. (eds.). Oncology of CNS tumors. Springer Science &amp; Business Media. 2010; 20: 345–361.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit56"><label>56</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Pöpperl G., Götz C., Rachinger W. et al. Value of O-(2-[18F] fluoroethyl)-L-tyrosine PET for the diagnosis of recurrent glioma. Eur. J. Nucl. Med. Molec. Imaging. 2004; 31 (11): 1464–1470.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Pöpperl G., Götz C., Rachinger W. et al. Value of O-(2-[18F] fluoroethyl)-L-tyrosine PET for the diagnosis of recurrent glioma. Eur. J. Nucl. Med. Molec. Imaging. 2004; 31 (11): 1464–1470.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit57"><label>57</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Pichler R., Dunzinger A., Wurm G. et al. Is there a place for FET PET in the initial evaluation of brain lesions with unknown significance? Eur. J. Nucl. Med. Molec. Imaging. 2010; 37 (8): 1521–1528.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Pichler R., Dunzinger A., Wurm G. et al. Is there a place for FET PET in the initial evaluation of brain lesions with unknown significance? Eur. J. Nucl. Med. Molec. Imaging. 2010; 37 (8): 1521–1528.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit58"><label>58</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Weckesser M., Langen K.J., Rickert C.H. et al. O-(2-[18F] fluorethyl)-L-tyrosine PET in the clinical evaluation of primary brain tumours. Eur. J. Nucl. Med. Molec. Imaging. 2005; 32 (4): 422–429.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Weckesser M., Langen K.J., Rickert C.H. et al. O-(2-[18F] fluorethyl)-L-tyrosine PET in the clinical evaluation of primary brain tumours. Eur. J. Nucl. Med. Molec. Imaging. 2005; 32 (4): 422–429.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit59"><label>59</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Pöpperl G., Kreth F.W., Herms J. et al. Analysis of 18F-FET PET for grading of recurrent gliomas: is evaluation of uptake kinetics superior to standard methods? J. Nucl. Med. 2006; 47 (3): 393–403.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Pöpperl G., Kreth F.W., Herms J. et al. Analysis of 18F-FET PET for grading of recurrent gliomas: is evaluation of uptake kinetics superior to standard methods? J. Nucl. Med. 2006; 47 (3): 393–403.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit60"><label>60</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Pöpperl G., Kreth F.W., Mehrkens J.H. et al. FET PET for the evaluation of untreated gliomas: correlation of FET uptake and uptake kinetics with tumour grading. Eur. J. Nucl. Med. Molec. Imaging. 2007; 34 (12): 1933–1942.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Pöpperl G., Kreth F.W., Mehrkens J.H. et al. FET PET for the evaluation of untreated gliomas: correlation of FET uptake and uptake kinetics with tumour grading. Eur. J. Nucl. Med. Molec. Imaging. 2007; 34 (12): 1933–1942.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit61"><label>61</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kunz M., Thon N., Eigenbrod S. et al. Hot spots in dynamic18FET-PET delineate malignant tumor parts within suspected WHO grade II gliomas. Neurooncology. 2011; 13 (3): 307–316.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kunz M., Thon N., Eigenbrod S. et al. Hot spots in dynamic18FET-PET delineate malignant tumor parts within suspected WHO grade II gliomas. Neurooncology. 2011; 13 (3): 307–316.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit62"><label>62</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Calcagni M.L., Galli G., Giordano A. et al. Dynamic O-(2-[18F] fluoroethyl)-L-tyrosine (F-18 FET) PET for glioma grading: assessment of individual probability of malignancy. Clin. Nucl. Med. 2011; 36 (10): 841–847.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Calcagni M.L., Galli G., Giordano A. et al. Dynamic O-(2-[18F] fluoroethyl)-L-tyrosine (F-18 FET) PET for glioma grading: assessment of individual probability of malignancy. Clin. Nucl. Med. 2011; 36 (10): 841–847.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit63"><label>63</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Piroth M.D., Liebenstund S., Galldiks N. et al. Monitoring of Radiochemotherapy in Patients with Glioblastoma Using O-(2-[18F] Fluoroethyl)-L-Tyrosine Positron Emission Tomography: Is Dynamic Imaging Helpful? Molec. Imaging. 2013; 12 (6): 7290–2013.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Piroth M.D., Liebenstund S., Galldiks N. et al. Monitoring of Radiochemotherapy in Patients with Glioblastoma Using O-(2-[18F] Fluoroethyl)-L-Tyrosine Positron Emission Tomography: Is Dynamic Imaging Helpful? Molec. Imaging. 2013; 12 (6): 7290–2013.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit64"><label>64</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Pyka T., Gempt J., Ringel F. et al. Prediction of glioma recurrence using dynamic 18F- fluoroethyltyrosine PET. Am. J. Neuroradiol. 2014; 35 (10): 1924–1929.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Pyka T., Gempt J., Ringel F. et al. Prediction of glioma recurrence using dynamic 18F- fluoroethyltyrosine PET. Am. J. Neuroradiol. 2014; 35 (10): 1924–1929.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
