medvisМедицинская визуализацияMedical Visualization1607-07632408-9516RDS-Media Ltd.medvis-269Research ArticleСЕРДЦЕ И СОСУДЫHEART AND VESSELSДиабетическая нейроостеоартропатия: краткий обзор вопросов лучевой диагностикиCharcot Neuropathic Osteoarthropathy: a Brief Review of ImagingАзнауровВладимир ГригорьевичAznaurovVladimir Grigoryevichvaznaurov@ya.ruКондратьевЕвгений ВалерьевичKondratievEvgeniy Valeryevichnoemail@neicon.ruДавыденкоПавел ИгоревичDavydenkoPavel Igorevichnoemail@neicon.ruШироковВадим СергеевичShirokovVadim Sergeevichnoemail@neicon.ruФГБУ “Институт хирургии им. А.В. Вишневского” Минздрава РоссииРоссияA.V. Vishnevsky Institute of SurgeryRussian Federation20162804201602103109Copyright © Азнауров В.Г., Кондратьев Е.В., Давыденко П.И., Широков В.С., 20162016Азнауров В.Г., Кондратьев Е.В., Давыденко П.И., Широков В.С.Aznaurov V.G., Kondratiev E.V., Davydenko P.I., Shirokov V.S.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://medvis.rdsmedia.ru/jour/article/view/269

Синдром диабетической стопы - это полиморфное осложение сахарного диабета, распространенность которого непрерывно растет. Тяжелейшей формой синдрома диабетической стопы является нейроостеоартропатия (НОАП), описанная французским неврологом Жаном-Мартеном Шарко во второй половине XIX века. НОАП является проявлением множества болезней - лепры, полиомиелита, сирингомиелии, ревматоидного артрита, отравления тяжелыми металлами и др., и была описана как проявление третичного сифилиса. Неоднократно предпринимались попытки классифицировать стадии НОАП и оптимальные для каждой стадии методы диагностики. На сегодняшний день существует неопределенность в классификации стадий НОАП и в диагностических алгоритмах при подозрении на НОАП. Ранняя диагностика НОАП имеет важнейшее значение, так как своевременное лечение может предотвратить деформацию стопы, возникновение язв и ампутацию конечности. В настоящем обзоре рассмотрены наиболее актуальные классификации НОАП, продемонстрированы патогномоничные рентгенологические признаки НОАП. Также предложены возможные алгоритмы лучевой диагностики НОАП в зависимости от клинической картины и этапа лечения.

Diabetic foot syndrome is a polymorphic complication of diabetes mellitus, the prevalence of it is continuously increasing. A severe form of diabetic foot syndrome is neuropathic osteoarthropathy (NOAP), described by the French neurologist Jean-Martin Charcot in the second half of the XIX century. NOAP is a manifestation of a variety of diseases - leprosy, poliomyelitis, syringomyelia, rheumatoid arthritis, heavy metal poisoning, and others, and was first described as a manifestation of tertiary syphilis. There were several attempts to classify the stages of NOAP and optimal diagnostic methods for each stage. Today, there is uncertainty in the classification of stages of NOAP, and in diagnostic algorithms for suspected NOAP Early diagnosis of NOAP is critical, since early treatment can prevent the deformation of the foot, the occurrence of ulcers, and amputation of limbs. This review considers the most relevant NOAP classifications and demonstrates pathognomonic radiographic signs of NOAP Possible radiological visualisation algorithms of NOAP are also suggested, depending on the clinical picture and the stage of treatment.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.