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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">medvis</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Медицинская визуализация</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Medical Visualization</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1607-0763</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2408-9516</issn><publisher><publisher-name>RDS-Media Ltd.</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">medvis-233</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ГОЛОВА И ШЕЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>HEAD AND NECK</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Сопоставление фМРТ-реакций мозга здоровых людей при активных, пассивных и воображаемых движениях рукой</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Comparison of fMRI Brain Responses in Healthy Subjects while Active, Passive and Imagined Hand Movements</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Болдырева</surname><given-names>Галина Николаевна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Boldyreva</surname><given-names>Galina Nikolaevna</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">GBoldyreva@nsi.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шарова</surname><given-names>Елена Васильевна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sharova</surname><given-names>Elena Vasilievna</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Жаворонкова</surname><given-names>Людмила Алексеевна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zhavoronkova</surname><given-names>Lyudmila Alekseevna</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Челяпина</surname><given-names>Марина Викторовна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Chelyapina</surname><given-names>Marina Victorovna</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Дубровская</surname><given-names>Лада Павловна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Dubrovskaya</surname><given-names>Lada Pavlovna</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Смирнов</surname><given-names>Александр Сергеевич</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Smirnov</surname><given-names>Aleksandr Sergeevich</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Трошина</surname><given-names>Елена Михайловна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Troshina</surname><given-names>Elena Mihaylovna</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Пронин</surname><given-names>Игорь Николаевич</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pronin</surname><given-names>Igor Nikolaevich</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Корниенко</surname><given-names>Валерий Николаевич</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kornienko</surname><given-names>Valeriy Nikolaevich</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ науки “Институт высшей нервной деятельности и нейрофизиологии Российской академии наук”</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Institute of Higher Nervous Activity and Neurophysiology of the Russian Academy of Sciences</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Московский государственный университет им. М.В. Ломоносова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ “Научно-исследовательский институт нейрохирургии им. акад. Н.Н. Бурденко”</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>N.N. Burdenko research Institute of Neurosurgery</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2015</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>28</day><month>10</month><year>2015</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>5</issue><fpage>100</fpage><lpage>112</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Болдырева Г.Н., Шарова Е.В., Жаворонкова Л.А., Челяпина М.В., Дубровская Л.П., Смирнов А.С., Трошина Е.М., Пронин И.Н., Корниенко В.Н., 2015</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2015</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Болдырева Г.Н., Шарова Е.В., Жаворонкова Л.А., Челяпина М.В., Дубровская Л.П., Смирнов А.С., Трошина Е.М., Пронин И.Н., Корниенко В.Н.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Boldyreva G.N., Sharova E.V., Zhavoronkova L.A., Chelyapina M.V., Dubrovskaya L.P., Smirnov A.S., Troshina E.M., Pronin I.N., Kornienko V.N.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://medvis.rdsmedia.ru/jour/article/view/233">https://medvis.rdsmedia.ru/jour/article/view/233</self-uri><abstract><p>Цель исследования: выявление особенностей структурного обеспечения работы мозга здоровых людей при двигательных нагрузках разной сложности. Материал и методы. У 20 здоровых праворуких людей проведена сравнительная оценка индивидуальных и групповых фМРТ-ответов (3Т) при активном, пассивном и воображаемом движении правой или левой рукой с использованием парного t-теста. Результаты. Выявлена большая локальность и воспроизводимость фМРТ-ответов при сжимании пальцев в кулак по сравнению с перебором пальцев, что позволяет рассматривать эту двигательную нагрузку как наиболее адекватную при исследовании больных с церебральной патологией. При работе левой рукой отмечается меньшая по сравнению с правой рукой интенсивность корковых ответов и большая активация подкорковых структур. При пассивной двигательной нагрузке по сравнению с активно выполняемым движением отмечается снижение объема активации мозга, наиболее резко выраженное в мозжечке и первичной моторной коре. Значительное сходство топографии основного коркового фМРТ-ответа при этих двигательных пробах позволяет рекомендовать использование пассивной двигательной парадигмы у больных с двигательными расстройствами и нарушением сознания. При воображаемых движениях по сравнению с реальными резко меняется соотношение активируемых структур мозга: отмечается ослабление фМРТ-ответов, наиболее резко выраженное в мозжечке и сенсомоторной области, при нарастании активации лобных отделов и структур ипсилатерального полушария. Выводы. Сравнительный анализ фМРТ ответов при выполнении разных двигательных задач позволил установить, что структурные особенности их обеспечения определяются степенью сложности исследуемых двигательных парадигм и разным включением моторных и когнитивных программ в их реализацию.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Objective: identify the structural features of the brain provision during motor loads of different complexity in healthy subjects. Material and methods. Comparison of fMRI cerebral reactions (individual and group) while active, passive and imagined right or left hand movement were analyzed in 20 right-handed healthy subjects by using paired t-test. Results. During active movements to clenching-unclenching the fingers motor fMRI responses were the more local and reproducible in comparison the bust fingers ones. This fact allows us to recommend this motor task as the most adequate at study of patients with cerebral disorders. The lower intensity of cortical responses and the more activation of subcortical structures was observed during left hand movement in comparison right hand one. During passive movements was observed the low volume of cerebral activation especially in cerebellum and primary motor cortex in comparison active ones. The main cortex fMRI response topography was similar while both active and passive tasks that allowed to use passive paradigm for patients with motor disorders and disturbance of consciousness. During imagined hand movements changes dramatically interplay of activated cerebral structures in comparison real movements: fMRI responses in the sensory-motor area and cerebellum were attenuated while activation of frontal zones and structures of ipsilateral hemisphere was increased. Conclusion. Comparative analysis of fMRI responses during active, passive and imagined hand movements showed that structural specificity of cerebral activity were determined by complexity of motor paradigms and by different including of motor and cognitive programs in their realization.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>фМРТ</kwd><kwd>активные</kwd><kwd>пассивные</kwd><kwd>воображаемые движения рукой</kwd><kwd>fMRI</kwd><kwd>active</kwd><kwd>passive</kwd><kwd>imagined hand movements</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Babiloni F., Babiloni C., Carducci F. et al. Multimodal integration of high-resolution EEG and functional magne tic resonance imaging data: a simulation study. NeuroImage. 2003. 19 (1): 1-15.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Babiloni F., Babiloni C., Carducci F. et al. 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