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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">medvis</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Медицинская визуализация</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Medical Visualization</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1607-0763</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2408-9516</issn><publisher><publisher-name>RDS-Media Ltd.</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.24835/1607-0763-1588</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">medvis-1588</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ПОЧКИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>KIDNEYS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Контрастусиленное ультразвуковое исследование стабильно функционирующего почечного трансплантата. Пилотное исследование</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Contrast-enhanced ultrasound examination of a stable functioning renal transplant. Pilot study</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5736-8656</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ларионова</surname><given-names>С. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Larionova</surname><given-names>S. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ларионова Светлана Николаевна – заведующая отделением ультразвуковой диагностики клиник ФГБОУ ВО СамГМУ Минздрава России; ассистент кафедры ультразвуковой диагностики ИПО ФГБОУ ВО СамГМУ Минздрава России, Самара<ext-link xlink:href="https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5736-8656" ext-link-type="uri">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5736-8656</ext-link></p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Svetlana N. Larionova – Head of the Department of Ultrasound Diagnostics, Samara State Medical University; Assistant Professor, Department of Ultrasound Diagnostics, Samara State Medical University, Samara<ext-link xlink:href="https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5736-8656" ext-link-type="uri">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5736-8656</ext-link></p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">larionovasn@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2953-5570</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Белавина</surname><given-names>Н. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Belavina</surname><given-names>N. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Белавина Наталья Ивановна – канд. мед. наук, врач отделения ультразвуковой и функциональной диагностики ГБУЗ “МКНИЦ Больница 52 ДЗМ”, Москва<ext-link xlink:href="http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2953-5570" ext-link-type="uri">http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2953-5570</ext-link></p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Natalya I. Belavina – Cand. of Sci. (Med.), doctor of the Department of Ultrasound and Functional Diagnostics, Moscow Clinical Science and Research Center 52, Moscow<ext-link xlink:href="http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2953-5570" ext-link-type="uri">http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2953-5570</ext-link></p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9017-9432</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ветшева</surname><given-names>Н. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Vetsheva</surname><given-names>N. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ветшева Наталья Николаевна – доктор мед. наук, профессор кафедры ультразвуковой диагностики ФГБОУ ДПО “Российская медицинская академия непрерывного профессионального образования” Минздрава России, Москва<ext-link xlink:href="http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9017-9432" ext-link-type="uri">http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9017-9432</ext-link></p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Natalya N. Vetsheva – Doct. of Sci. (Med.), Professor at the Department of Ultrasound Diagnostics, Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation<ext-link xlink:href="http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9017-9432" ext-link-type="uri">http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9017-9432</ext-link></p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6724-0066</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Балтер</surname><given-names>Р. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Balter</surname><given-names>R. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Балтер Регина Борисовна – доктор мед. наук, профессор, заведующая кафедрой ультразвуковой диагностики ИПО СамГМУ, Самара<ext-link xlink:href="http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6724-0066" ext-link-type="uri">http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6724-0066</ext-link></p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Regina B. Balter – Doct. of Sci. (Med.), Head of the Department of Ultrasound Diagnostics, Institute of Postgraduate Education, Samara State Medical University, Samara<ext-link xlink:href="http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6724-0066" ext-link-type="uri">http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6724-0066</ext-link></p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО “Самарский государственный медицинский университет” Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Samara State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ГБУЗ города Москвы “Московский клинический научно-исследовательский центр Больница 52 Департамента здравоохранения города Москвы”</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Moscow Clinical Science and Research Center 52 of Moscow Healthcare Department</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ДПО “Российская медицинская академия непрерывного профессионального образования” Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>05</day><month>06</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>30</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>76</fpage><lpage>88</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Ларионова С.Н., Белавина Н.И., Ветшева Н.Н., Балтер Р.Б., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Ларионова С.Н., Белавина Н.И., Ветшева Н.Н., Балтер Р.Б.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Larionova S.N., Belavina N.I., Vetsheva N.N., Balter R.B.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://medvis.rdsmedia.ru/jour/article/view/1588">https://medvis.rdsmedia.ru/jour/article/view/1588</self-uri><abstract><p>Отсутствие стандартизированных протоколов и референсных значений количественных параметров контрастусиленного ультразвукового исследования (КУУЗИ) стабильно функционирующих почечных трансплантатов ограничивает клиническое применение метода.</p><sec><title>Цель исследования</title><p>Цель исследования: изучить количественные показатели КУУЗИ у реципиентов со стабильной функцией и отсутствием значимой патологии согласно протокольной нефробиопсии и сравнить межоператорскую воспроизводимость показателей.</p></sec><sec><title>Материал и методы</title><p>Материал и методы. Проведено интервенционное проспективное исследование (01.10.2024 – 01.03.2025), в которое включили 23 пациента. Проводили КУУЗИ (Resona 7 (Mindray, КНР), конвексный датчик (1,2–6 МГц), контрастный препарат Соновью (Бракко, Италия)). Изучали параметры TIC-кривой (кривая время–интенсивность) в: ROI1 (область интереса) – кортикальный слой, ROI2 – кора между пирамидками, ROI3 – пирамидка, ROI4 – объединение ROI1, ROI2 и ROI3. Анализировали: наклон кривой поступления (AS); время от введения контрастного препарата до появления в ROI (AT), площадь под TIC-кривой (AUC); наклон кривой вымывания (DS); среднюю интенсивность TIC-кривой (mTIC); пиковую интенсивность (PI); время от поступления препарата в ROI до PI (RT); время от введения контрастного препарата до PI (TTP); площадь под TIC-кривой от поступления препарата до PI (WiAUC); индекс перфузии (WiAUC/RT); площадь под TIC-кривой периода вымывания (WoAUC). Анализ проводили с Contrast QA (Mindray). Для оценки межоператорской воспроизводимости рассчитывали коэффициенты внутриклассовой корреляции (ICC). Оценивали среднюю разность измерений и пределы согласованности (анализ Бланда–Альтмана).</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Получены усредненные между операторами параметры TIC-кривой в указанных ROI. Выявлена отличная и хорошая межоператорская воспроизводимость большинства параметров TIC-кривой в ROI1, умеренная воспроизводимость AS и DS (ICC 0,840 (0,662; 0,928) и 0,859 (0,697; 0,938)). В ROI2 воспроизводимость варьировала от отличной до хорошей, умеренная воспроизводимость WiAUC (0,848 (0,678; 0,933)), RT (0,877 (0,733; 0,946)), WiAUC/RT (0,835 (0,628; 0,929)), AS (0,836 (0,653;0,927)), DS (0,777 (0,537; 0,899)). В ROI3 сильная межоператорская вариабельность WiAUC/RT (0,706 (0,418; 0,864)), AS 0,657 ((0,351; 0,838)) и DS 0,752 ((0,497; 0,887)). Результаты анализа в ROI4 были сопоставимы с ROI1.</p></sec><sec><title>Выводы</title><p>Выводы. Настоящее исследование является необходимым этапом стандартизации КУУЗИ почечного трансплантата. Впервые рассчитаны количественные характеристики КУУЗИ стабильно функционирующего аллографта без значимой патологии по данным протокольной нефробиопсии. Низкая межоператорская вариабельность определяет перспективу клинического применения отношений абсолютных параметров TIC-кривой в норме и при дисфункции трансплантата при использовании ультразвукового оборудования различных производителей.</p></sec><sec><title> </title><p> </p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Objective</title><p>Objective. The lack of standardized protocols and reference values for quantitative parameters in contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) of stable functioning renal transplants limits its clinical application. This study aimed to analyze CEUS quantitative parameters in recipients with stable graft function and no significant pathology on protocol biopsy, as well as to assess inter-operator reproducibility.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and Methods</title><p>Materials and Methods. An interventional prospective study was conducted (October 1, 2024 – March 1, 2025). 23 patients were enrolled. CEUS was performed by Resona 7 system (Mindray, China) with a convex probe (1.2–6 MHz) and SonoVue contrast agent (Bracco, Italy). Time-intensity curve (TIC) parameters were analyzed in: ROI1 (region of interest): cortex, ROI2: cortex between pyramids (renal columns), ROI3: pyramids, ROI4: combined ROI1+ROI2+ROI3. Parameters assessed: Ascending Slope (AS), Arrival Time (AT), Area Under the TIC Curve (AUC), Descending Slope (DS), mean TIC intensity (mTIC), Peak Intensity (PI), Rise Time (RT), Time-to-Peak (TTP), Wash-in Area Under the Curve (WiAUC), Perfusion Index (WiAUC/RT), Wash-out AUC (WoAUC). Analysis was performed using Contrast QA software (Mindray). Inter-operator reproducibility was evaluated via intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) and Bland-Altman analysis (mean difference, limits of agreement).</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. Mean TIC parameters (averaged between operators) were obtained for all ROIs. ROI1: excellent/good reproducibility for most parameters; moderate reproducibility for AS and DS (ICC 0.840 [0.662; 0.928] and 0.859 [0.697; 0.938]). ROI2: Excellent to good reproducibility; moderate for WiAUC (0.848 [0.678; 0.933]), RT (0.877 [0.733; 0.946]), WiAUC/RT (0.835 [0.628; 0.929]), AS (0.836 [0.653; 0.927]), and DS (0.777 [0.537; 0.899]). ROI3: Higher variability for WiAUC/RT (0.706 [0.418; 0.864]), AS (0.657 [0.351; 0.838]), and DS (0.752 [0.497; 0.887]). ROI4: Results comparable to ROI1.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. This study is a crucial step toward standardizing CEUS for renal transplants. It establishes the first quantitative CEUS benchmarks for stable allografts without significant pathology on protocol biopsy. The low inter-operator variability supports the clinical feasibility of using absolute TIC parameters (comparison of normal vs dysfunctional grafts) across different ultrasound systems.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>контрастусиленное ультразвуковое исследование</kwd><kwd>почечный трансплантат</kwd><kwd>анализ TIC-кривой</kwd><kwd>межоператорская воспроизводимость</kwd><kwd>протокольная нефробиопсия</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound</kwd><kwd>renal transplant</kwd><kwd>TIC-analysis</kwd><kwd>inter-operator reproducibility</kwd><kwd>protocol nephrobiopsy</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kaballo M.A., Canney M., O'Kelly P. et al. 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