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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">medvis</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Медицинская визуализация</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Medical Visualization</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1607-0763</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2408-9516</issn><publisher><publisher-name>RDS-Media Ltd.</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.24835/1607-0763-1546</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">medvis-1546</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>СЕРДЦЕ И СОСУДЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>HEART AND VESSELS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Роль рентгенологической навигации при трансапикальной имплантации митральных неохорд при значимой митральной регургитации на работающем сердце</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The role of X-ray navigation in transapical implantation of mitral neochords for significant mitral regurgitation on the beating heart</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9242-9941</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Хубулава</surname><given-names>Г. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Khubulava</surname><given-names>G. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Хубулава Геннадий Григорьевич – академик РАН, доктор мед. наук, профессор, заведующий кафедрой факультетской хирургии, руководитель научно-клинического центра сердечно-сосудистой хирургии НИИ хирургии и неотложной медицины  ФГБОУ ВО “Первый Санкт-Петербургский государственный медицинский университет имени академика И.П. Павлова” Минздрава России, Санкт-Петербургhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-9242-9941</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Gennady G. Khubulava – Russian Academy of Sciences (RAS) Full Member, Doct. of Sci. (Med.), Professor, Head of the Department of Faculty Surgery, Head of the Scientific and Clinical Center for Cardiovascular Surgery at the Research Institute of Surgery and Emergency Medicine, Pavlov First Saint Petersburg State Medical University of the Ministry of Healthcare of Russian Federation, Saint Petersburghttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-9242-9941</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ggkh07@rambler.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0003-4425-1186</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Быстров</surname><given-names>Э. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bystrov</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Быстров Эдуард Вячеславович – студент VI курса лечебного факультета ФГБОУ ВО “Первый Санкт-Петербургский государственный медицинский университет имени академика И.П. Павлова” Минздрава России, Санкт-Петербургhttps://orcid.org/0009-0003-4425-1186</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Eduard V. Bystrov – 6th-year student of the Faculty of Medicine, Pavlov First Saint Petersburg State Medical University of the Ministry of Healthcare of Russian Federation, Saint Petersburghttps://orcid.org/0009-0003-4425-1186</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">eb1411200115@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6302-0776</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Титов</surname><given-names>Н. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Titov</surname><given-names>N. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Титов Никита Сергеевич – клинический ординатор кафедры факультетской хирургии ФГБОУ ВО “Первый Санкт-Петербургский государственный медицинский университет имени академика И.П. Павлова” Минздрава России, Санкт-Петербургhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-6302-0776</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Nikita S. Titov – clinical resident of the Department of Faculty Surgery, Pavlov First Saint Petersburg State Medical University of the Ministry of Healthcare of Russian Federation, Saint Petersburghttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-6302-0776</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ayaks_spb@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4331-028X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Буненков</surname><given-names>Н. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bunenkov</surname><given-names>N. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Буненков Николай Сергеевич – канд. мед. наук, хирург ФГБОУ ВО “Первый Санкт-Петербургский государственный медицинский университет имени академика И.П. Павлова” Минздрава России, Санкт-Петербургhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-4331-028X</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Nikolai S. Bunenkov – Cand. of Sci. (Med.), surgeon, Pavlov First Saint Petersburg State Medical University of the Ministry of Healthcare of Russian Federation, Saint Petersburghttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-4331-028X</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">bunenkov2006@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3834-7566</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Комок</surname><given-names>В. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Komok</surname><given-names>V. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Комок Владимир Владимирович – канд. мед. наук, врач сердечно-сосудистый хирург НИИ хирургии и неотложной медицины ФГБОУ ВО “Первый Санкт-Петербургский государственный медицинский университет имени академика И.П. Павлова” Минздрава России, Санкт-Петербургhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-3834-7566</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vladimir V. Komok – Cand. of Sci. (Med.), Cardiovascular surgeon at the Research Institute of Surgery and Emergency Medicine, Pavlov First Saint Petersburg State Medical University of the Ministry of Healthcare of Russian Federation, Saint Petersburghttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-3834-7566</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">vladimir_komok@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5152-0001</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Немков</surname><given-names>А. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nemkov</surname><given-names>A. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Немков Александр Сергеевич – доктор мед. наук, профессор кафедры факультетской хирургии, врач сердечно-сосудистый хирург НИИ хирургии и неотложной медицины ФГБОУ ВО “Первый Санкт-Петербургский государственный медицинский университет имени академика И.П. Павлова” Минздрава России, Санкт-Петербургhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-5152-0001</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alexander S. Nemkov – Doct. of Sci. (Med.), Professor of the Department of Faculty Surgery, cardiovascular surgeon, Pavlov First Saint Petersburg State Medical University of the Ministry of Healthcare of Russian Federation, Saint Petersburghttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-5152-0001</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">nemk_as@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО “Первый Санкт-Петербургский государственный медицинский университет имени академика И.П. Павлова” Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Pavlov First Saint Petersburg State Medical University of the Ministry of Healthcare of Russian Federation</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>28</day><month>11</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>29</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>48</fpage><lpage>57</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Хубулава Г.Г., Быстров Э.В., Титов Н.С., Буненков Н.С., Комок В.В., Немков А.С., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Хубулава Г.Г., Быстров Э.В., Титов Н.С., Буненков Н.С., Комок В.В., Немков А.С.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Khubulava G.G., Bystrov E.V., Titov N.S., Bunenkov N.S., Komok V.V., Nemkov A.S.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://medvis.rdsmedia.ru/jour/article/view/1546">https://medvis.rdsmedia.ru/jour/article/view/1546</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Рентгенологическая навигация в современной кардиохирургии – это революционная технология, которая позволяет значительно повысить точность и безопасность оперативных вмешательств на сердце. В настоящее время навигация под непосредственным рентгенологическим контролем при операциях по восстановлению хорд митрального клапана применяется лишь при имплантации хорд по методике ChordArt. Кроме данного способа имплантации митральных неохорд, рентгенологическая навигация применяется при таких способах коррекции митральной регургитации, как MitraClip и транскатетерное протезирование митрального клапана (TMVR).</p></sec><sec><title>Цель исследования</title><p>Цель исследования: провести систематический анализ научных данных, касающихся применения рентгенологической навигации при вмешательствах на митральном клапане при значимой митральной регургитации; определить рентгенологические проекции, позволяющие наиболее точно визуализировать структуры сердца, необходимые для имплантации неохорд.</p></sec><sec><title>Материал и методы</title><p>Материал и методы. Проведен анализ исследований, посвященных применению рентгенологической навигации при трансапикальной имплантации митральных неохорд при значимой митральной регургитации на работающем сердце. Поиск был осуществлен в базах данных PubMed и Elibrary с 2009 по 2024 г. по следующим ключевым словам: “митральный клапан”, “митральная регургитация”, “рентгенологическая навигация”, “сердечно-сосудистая хирургия”, “трансапикальное восстановление хорды”, “транскатетерные вмешательства”, “коронарный синус”, “огибающая артерия”, “MitraClip”, “TMVR – Transcatheter Mitral Valve Repair” (транскатетерное восстановление митрального клапана) при помощи операторов И, ИЛИ.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Проанализировано 257 статей, 65 из которых использованы для составления обзора. В ходе проведенного анализа было выявлено, что основным методом визуализации инструментов в полостях сердца при вмешательствах на митральном клапане является интраоперационная рентгеноскопия. Были определены наиболее приемлемые проекции для выполнения операции по трансапикальной имплантации митральных неохорд при значимой митральной регургитации на работающем сердце.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Результаты проведенного анализа показали, что рентгенологическая навигация – неотъемлемый метод интраоперационной навигации, который должен применяться при трансапикальной имплантации митральных неохорд при значимой митральной регургитации на работающем сердце.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. X-ray navigation in modern cardiac surgery is a revolutionary technology that allows to increase the accuracy and safety of cardiac surgeries significantly. Currently, navigation under direct X-ray control in surgeries to restore the mitral valve chords is used only when implanting chords using the ChordArt method. In addition, X-ray navigation and external implantation of the mitral neochord are used in such methods of mitral regurgitation correction as MitraClip and transcatheter mitral valve replacement (TMVR).</p></sec><sec><title>The objective</title><p>The objective. To systematically review the scientific evidence on the use of radiographic navigation in mitral valve interventions in case of significant mitral regurgitation. To identify radiographic projections that allow the most accurate visualization of cardiac structures required for neochords implantation.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. An analysis of studies devoted to the use of X-ray navigation in transapical implantation of mitral neochords for significant mitral regurgitation on the beating heart was performed. The search was performed in the PubMed and Elibrary databases from 2009 to 2024 using the following keywords: “mitral valve”, “mitral regurgitation”, “X-ray navigation”, “cardiovascular surgery”, “transapical chord repair”, “transcatheter interventions”, “coronary sinus”, “circumflex artery”, “MitraClip”, “TMVR – Transcatheter Mitral Valve Repair” using AND, OR operators.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. A total of 257 articles were analyzed, 65 of which were used to compile the review. The analysis revealed that the main method of visualizing instruments in the heart cavities during interventions on the mitral valve is intraoperative fluoroscopy. The most acceptable projections for performing surgery on transapical implantation of mitral neochords in case of significant mitral regurgitation on a beating heart were determined.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. The results of the conducted analysis showed that X-ray navigation is an integral method of intraoperative navigation, which should be used during transapical implantation of mitral neochords in case of significant mitral regurgitation on a beating heart.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>митральный клапан</kwd><kwd>митральная регургитация</kwd><kwd>рентгенологическая навигация</kwd><kwd>сердечно-сосудистая хирургия</kwd><kwd>трансапикальное восстановление хорды</kwd><kwd>транскатетерные вмешательства</kwd><kwd>коронарный синус</kwd><kwd>огибающая артерия</kwd><kwd>MitraClip</kwd><kwd>TMVR</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>mitral valve</kwd><kwd>mitral regurgitation</kwd><kwd>X-ray navigation</kwd><kwd>cardiovascular surgery</kwd><kwd>transapical implantation of neochords</kwd><kwd>transcatheter interventions</kwd><kwd>coronary sinus</kwd><kwd>circumflex artery</kwd><kwd>MitraClip</kwd><kwd>TMVR</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Domenech B., Pomar J. 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