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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">medvis</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Медицинская визуализация</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Medical Visualization</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1607-0763</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2408-9516</issn><publisher><publisher-name>RDS-Media Ltd.</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.24835/1607-0763-1436</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">medvis-1436</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ТЕХНОЛОГИИ ЛУЧЕВОЙ ДИАГНОСТИКИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>RADIOLOGICAL TECHNOLOGIES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Модель нейронной сети для выявления и классификации стенозов пояснично-крестцового отдела позвоночника на МР-томограммах</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>A neural network model for detection and classification of central lumbosacral spinal stenosis on MRI scans</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Русаков</surname><given-names>А. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Rusakov</surname><given-names>A. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Русаков Андрей Сергеевич – основатель и главный исполнительный директор Remedy Logic, New York.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Andrey S. Rusakov – Founder and CEO of Remedy Logic, New York.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">andrej.rusakov@RemedyLogic.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Тумко</surname><given-names>В. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tumko</surname><given-names>V. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Тумко Владислав Владимирович – главный операционный директор Remedy Logic, New York.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vladislav V. Tumko – Chief Operating Officer of Remedy Logic, New York.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">vladislav.tumko@remedylogic.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сарбаев</surname><given-names>Р. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sarbaev</surname><given-names>R. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Сарбаев Руслан Сергеевич – генеральный директор ООО “Системы поддержки принятий решений”, Чебоксары. </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ruslan S. Sarbaev – General Director of Decision Support Systems LLC, Cheboksary.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ruslan.sarbaev@remedylogic.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Успенская</surname><given-names>Н. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Uspenskaya</surname><given-names>N. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Успенская Наталья Александровна – руководитель команды компьютерного зрения Remedy Logic, New York.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Natalia A. Uspenskaya – Computer Vision Team Leader at Remedy Logic, New York.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">natalia.uspenskaia@remedylogic.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5994-0468</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Нуднов</surname><given-names>Н. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nudnov</surname><given-names>N. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Нуднов Николай Васильевич – доктор мед. наук, профессор, заместитель директора по научной работе, заведующий научно-исследовательским отделом комплексной диагностики заболеваний и радиотерапии ФГБУ “Российский научный центр рентгенорадиологии” Минздрава России, Москва. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5994-0468</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Nikolay V. Nudnov – Doct. of Sci. (Med.), Professor, Deputy Director for Scientific Work, Head of the Research Department for Complex Diagnostics of Diseases and Radiotherapy,  Russian Scientific Center of Roentgenoradiology of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation, Moscow.https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5994-0468</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">nudnov@rncrr.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9357-0998</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кармазановский</surname><given-names>Г. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Karmazanovsky</surname><given-names>G. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кармазановский Григорий Григорьевич – академик РАН, доктор мед. наук, профессор, заведующий отделом лучевых методов диагностики ФГБУ “НМИЦ хирургии им. А.В. Вишневского” Минздрава России;профессор кафедры лучевой диагностики и терапии медико­биологического факультета ФГБОУ ВО РНИМУ им. Н.И. Пирогова Минздрава России, Москва.https://orcid.org/0000­0002­9357­0998</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Grigory G. Karmazanovsky – Russian Academy of Sciences (RAS) Full Member, Doct. of Sci. (Med.), Professor, Heаd of the Diagnostic Rаdiology Depаrtment at the А.V. Vishnevsky Nаtionаl Mediсаl Reseаrсh Сenter of Surgery;Professor of radiology department, Pirogov Russian national research medical university, Moscow. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9357-0998</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">karmazanovsky@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Коробов</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Korobov</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Коробов Андрей Владимирович – директор АНО ДПО “Институт Эксперт”, Воронеж. </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Andrey V. Korobov – Director of Autonomous non-profit organization of additional professional education “Expert Institute”, Voronezh.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">AndrKorobov@mrtexpert.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-5"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8421-3411</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Титова</surname><given-names>Л. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Titova</surname><given-names>L. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Титова Лилия Александровна – доктор мед. наук, доцент, заведующая кафедрой инструментальной диагностики, ФГБОУ ВО “ВГМУ им Н.Н. Бурденко” Минздрава России, Воронеж.https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8421-3411</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Lilia A. Titova – Doct. of Sci. (Med.), Head of the Department of Instrumental Diagnostics, Voronezh State Medical University named after N.N. Burdenko, Voronezh.https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8421-3411</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">Liliant@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-6"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0002-6072-8143</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Скачков</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Skachkov</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Скачков Артур Андреевич – специалист по машинному обучению ООО “Объединенное IT пространство”, Липецк.https://orcid.org/0009-0002-6072-8143</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Artur A. Skachkov – machine learning expert of LLC “United IT Space”, Lipetsk.https://orcid.org/0009-0002-6072-8143</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">skachkov_artur@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-7"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кульнева</surname><given-names>Т. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kulneva</surname><given-names>T. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кульнева Таисия Владимировна – заместитель директора по экспертной работе в области медицинской визуализации АНО ДПО “Институт Эксперт”, Воронеж.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Taisiya V. Kulneva – Deputy Director for Expertise in Medical Imaging of Autonomous non-profit organization of additional professional education “Expert Institute”, Voronezh.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">TKulneva@mrtexpert.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-5"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Измалков</surname><given-names>Д. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Izmalkov</surname><given-names>D. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Измалков Дмитрий Витальевич – заведующий кафедрой лучевой диагностики АНО ДПО “Институт Эксперт”, Воронеж.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dmitry V. Izmalkov – Head of the Department of Radiologic Diagnostics of Autonomous non-profit organization of additional professional education “Expert Institute”, Voronezh.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">dizmalkov@mrtexpert.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-5"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Андриенко</surname><given-names>Е. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Andrienko</surname><given-names>E. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Андриенко Елизавета Андреевна – специалист общего отдела АНО ДПО “Институт Эксперт”, Воронеж.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elizaveta A. Andrienko – general specialist of Autonomous non-profit organization of additional professional education “Expert Institute”, Voronezh.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">EAndrienko@mrtexpert.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-5"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0007-0407-0953</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Иванников</surname><given-names>М. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ivannikov</surname><given-names>M. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Иванников Михаил Евгеньевич – ординатор по специальности “рентгенология” ФГБУ “Российский научный центр рентгенорадиологии” Минздрава России, Москва.<ext-link xlink:href="https://orcid.org/0009-0007-0407-0953" ext-link-type="uri">https://orcid.org/0009-0007-0407-0953</ext-link>E-mail: ivannikovmichail@gmail.com</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Mikhail E. Ivannikov – resident in the specialty of “radiology”, Russian Scientific Center of Roentgenoradiology of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation, Moscow.<ext-link xlink:href="https://orcid.org/0009-0007-0407-0953" ext-link-type="uri">https://orcid.org/0009-0007-0407-0953</ext-link>E-mail: ivannikovmichail@gmail.com</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ivannikovmichail@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Remedy Logic</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Remedy Logic</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ООО “Системы поддержки принятий решений”</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>LLC “Decision Support Systems”</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ “Российский научный центр рентгенорадиологии” Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Russian Scientific Center of Roentgenoradiology of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ “Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр хирургии им. А.В. Вишневского” Минздрава России;  ФГАОУ ВО РНИМУ им. Н.И. Пирогова Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>A.V. Vishnevsky National Medical Research Center of Surgery of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation; Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-5"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Автономная некоммерческая организация дополнительного профессионального образования “Институт Эксперт”</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Autonomous non-profit organization of additional professional education “Expert Institute”</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-6"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО “Воронежский государственный медицинский университет имени Н.Н. Бурденко” Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Voronezh State Medical University named after N.N. Burdenko</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-7"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ООО “Объединенное IT пространство”</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>LLC “United IT Space”</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>20</day><month>01</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>29</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>102</fpage><lpage>112</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Русаков А.С., Тумко В.В., Сарбаев Р.С., Успенская Н.А., Нуднов Н.В., Кармазановский Г.Г., Коробов А.В., Титова Л.А., Скачков А.А., Кульнева Т.В., Измалков Д.В., Андриенко Е.А., Иванников М.Е., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Русаков А.С., Тумко В.В., Сарбаев Р.С., Успенская Н.А., Нуднов Н.В., Кармазановский Г.Г., Коробов А.В., Титова Л.А., Скачков А.А., Кульнева Т.В., Измалков Д.В., Андриенко Е.А., Иванников М.Е.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Rusakov A.S., Tumko V.V., Sarbaev R.S., Uspenskaya N.A., Nudnov N.V., Karmazanovsky G.G., Korobov A.V., Titova L.A., Skachkov A.A., Kulneva T.V., Izmalkov D.V., Andrienko E.A., Ivannikov M.E.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://medvis.rdsmedia.ru/jour/article/view/1436">https://medvis.rdsmedia.ru/jour/article/view/1436</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Цель исследования</title><p>Цель исследования: разработать модель свёрточной нейронной сети (convolutional neural network, CNN) для классификации наличия и тяжести стенозов поясничного отдела позвоночника (lumbar spinal stenosis, LSS) в ходе МРТ-исследования и продемонстрировать ее эффективность в качестве точного и последовательного диагностического инструмента.</p></sec><sec><title>Материал и методы</title><p>Материал и методы. Морфологические классификации стенозов поясничного отдела позвоночника и количественные измерения ключевых анатомических структур были объединены с помощью разных моделей свёрточных нейронных сетей. Для классификации стенозов модели были обучены на 1635 размеченных исследованиях МР-томограммах поясничного отдела позвоночника. Данные исследования состояли из изображений взвешенных по T2 в сагиттальной и аксиальной плоскостях на уровне каждого позвонка. Точность модели была оценена с помощью внешнего валидационного набора из 150 МРТ-исследований, оцененных группой из 7 рентгенологов по градации в виде: отсутствия стеноза, незначительной, умеренной или выраженной степени стенозов позвоночного канала. Эталонное значение для всех типов стенозов было определено большинством голосов и в случае разногласий решение выносилось опытным врачом-рентгенологом, не участвовавшим в подсчете голосов. После этого выводы врачей были сопоставлены с выводами обученной модели.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Модель продемонстрировала сопоставимую производительность со средними показателями рентгенолога как с точки зрения выявления наличия/отсутствия центральных стенозов поясничного отдела позвоночника, так и классификации степени тяжести для всех трех типов стеноза. В случае стеноза центрального канала чувствительность и специфичность свёрточной нейронной сети составили 0,93 и 0,85 для бинарной классификации (наличие/отсутствие) по сравнению со средним показателем рентгенолога (0,86; 0,86). При стенозе латерального кармана чувствительность и специфичность свёрточной нейронной сети составили 0,92 и 0,80 по сравнению со средним показателем рентгенолога 0,83 и 0,94. При фораминальном стенозе чувствительность и специфичность свёрточной нейронной сети составили 0,89 и 0,86 по сравнению со средним показателем рентгенолога 0,81 и 0,91. Многоклассовая классификации степени тяжести стенозов показала сходные статистические данные.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Свёрточная нейронная сеть продемонстрировала сопоставимые со специалистами-рентгенологами результаты в выявлении и классификации центральных стенозов поясничного отдела позвоночника. Интеграция моделей нейронных сетей при обнаружении патологии могла бы обеспечить более высокую точность, эффективность, системность и возможность последующей интерпретации в диагностической практике.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Objective</title><p>Objective: to develop a convolutional neural network (CNN) model to classify the presence and severity of central lumbar spinal stenosis (LSS) during MRI examination and to demonstrate its effectiveness as an accurate and consistent diagnostic tool.</p></sec><sec><title>Methods</title><p>Methods. Morphological classifications of LSS and quantitative measurements of key anatomical structures were combined using two CNNs. To classify central stenosis, models were trained on 1635 labeled lumbar spine MRI studies consisting of T2-weighted sagittal and axial planes at the level of each vertebra. The accuracy of the model was assessed using an external validation set of 150 MRI studies graded by a panel of 7 radiologists as: no stenosis, mild, moderate or severe spinal canal stenosis. The reference value for all types of stenosis was determined by majority vote, and in the event of disagreement, a decision was made by an external radiologist. The radiologists' interpretations were then compared with those of the trained model.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. The model demonstrated comparable performance to the average radiologist both in identifying the presence/absence of LSS and in classifying severity for all 3 types of stenosis. For central canal stenosis, the sensitivity and specificity of the CNN were (0.93; 0.85) for binary classification (presence/absence) compared to the average radiologist (0.86; 0.86). For lateral pocket stenosis, the sensitivity and specificity of CNN were (0.92; 0.80) compared to the radiologist's mean (0.83; 0.94). For foraminal stenosis, the sensitivity and specificity of CNN were (0.89; 0.86) compared to the radiologist's mean (0.81; 0.91). Multiclass classification of stenosis severity showed similar statistics.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusions</title><p>Conclusions. CNNs showed comparable performance to radiologists in detecting and classifying LSS. The integration of neural network models in pathology detection could provide higher accuracy, efficiency, systematicity, and the possibility of subsequent interpretation in diagnostic practice.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>стеноз поясничного отдела позвоночника</kwd><kwd>магнитно-резонансная томография</kwd><kwd>МРТ</kwd><kwd>искусственный интеллект</kwd><kwd>нейронная сеть</kwd><kwd>машинное обучение</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>lumbar spinal stenosis</kwd><kwd>magnetic resonance imaging</kwd><kwd>MRI</kwd><kwd>artificial intelligence</kwd><kwd>neural network</kwd><kwd>machine learning</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kalichman L., Cole R., Kim D.H. et al. Spinal stenosis prevalence and association with symptoms: the Framingham Study. 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