<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">medvis</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Медицинская визуализация</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Medical Visualization</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1607-0763</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2408-9516</issn><publisher><publisher-name>RDS-Media Ltd.</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.24835/1607-0763-1107</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">medvis-1213</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>СПЕЦИАЛЬНАЯ СЕССИЯ ПОД РЕДАКЦИЕЙ ПРОФЕССОРА Н.В. НУДНОВА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>SPECIAL SESSION EDITED BY PROFESSOR N.V. NUDNOV</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Современные аспекты лучевой диагностики септической эмболии легких</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Actual aspects of radiological diagnosis of septic pulmonary embolism</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0745-3438</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Винокуров</surname><given-names>А. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Vinokurov</surname><given-names>A. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Винокуров Антон Сергеевич – ассистент кафедры лучевой диагностики и терапии МБФ ФГАОУ ВО РНИМУ им. Н.И. Пирогова; врач-рентгенолог отделения МРТ и КТ ГКБ им. В.П. Демихова и ОЛД ММКЦ «Коммунарка» ДЗМ г. Москвы</p><p>117997 Москва, ул. Островитянова, д. 1; 109263 Москва, ул. Шкулёва, д. 4; 108814 Москва, п. Коммунарка, ул. Сосенский стан, д. 8</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anton S. Vinokurov – assistant professor of radiology department, Pirogov Russian national research medical university; radiologist of MRI and CT departments, Demikhov City Hospital and radiology department MMCC «Kommunarka»</p><p> Ostrovityanov str., 1, Moscow 117997;  Shkuleva str., 4, Moscow 109263;  Sosenskiy stan str., 8, Moscow 108814, Kommunarka </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">antonvin.foto@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1121-8040</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Беленькая</surname><given-names>О. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Belenkaya</surname><given-names>O. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Беленькая Ольга Игоревна – кандидат медицинских наук, доцент кафедры лучевой диагностики и терапии МБФ ФГАОУ ВО РНИМУ им. Н.И. Пирогова; заведующая отделением МРТ и КТ ГКБ им. В.П. Демихова ДЗМ г. Москвы</p><p>117997 Москва, ул. Островитянова, д. 1; 109263 Москва, ул. Шкулёва, д. 4</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Olga I. Belenkaya – Cand. of Sсi. (Med.), Associate Professor of radiology department, Pirogov Russian national research medical university; head of MRI and CT department, Demikhov City Hospita</p><p>Ostrovityanov str., 1, Moscow 117997;  Shkuleva str., 4, Moscow 109263 </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">Olga-belenkaya@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0310-0889</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Юдин</surname><given-names>А. Л.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Yudin</surname><given-names>A. L.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Юдин Андрей Леонидович – доктор медицинских наук, профессор, заведующий кафедрой лучевой диагностики и терапии МБФ </p><p>117997 Москва, ул. Островитянова, д. 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Andrey L. Yudin – Doсt. of Sсi. (Med.), Professor, head of radiology department</p><p>Ostrovityanov str., 1, Moscow 117997 </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">prof_yudin@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГАОУ ВО “Российский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет им. Н.И. Пирогова” Минздрава России; &#13;
ГБУЗ “Городская клиническая больница им. В.П. Демихова Департамента здравоохранения города Москвы”;&#13;
ГБУЗ “Московский многопрофильный клинический центр «Коммунарка» Департамента здравоохранения города Москвы”</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University of the Ministry of Health of Russia;&#13;
Demikhov City Hospital of Moscow City Health Department;&#13;
Moscow Multidisciplinary Clinical Center “Kommunarka” of Moscow City Health Department</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГАОУ ВО “Российский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет им. Н.И. Пирогова” Минздрава России; &#13;
ГБУЗ “Городская клиническая больница им. В.П. Демихова Департамента здравоохранения города Москвы”</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University of the Ministry of Health of Russia;&#13;
Demikhov City Hospital of Moscow City Health Department</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГАОУ ВО “Российский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет им. Н.И. Пирогова” Минздрава России;</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University of the Ministry of Health of Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>15</day><month>06</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>26</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>44</fpage><lpage>59</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Винокуров А.С., Беленькая О.И., Юдин А.Л., 2022</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Винокуров А.С., Беленькая О.И., Юдин А.Л.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Vinokurov A.S., Belenkaya O.I., Yudin A.L.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://medvis.rdsmedia.ru/jour/article/view/1213">https://medvis.rdsmedia.ru/jour/article/view/1213</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель. Сформировать для читателей современное понимание вопроса септической эмболии легких в свете терминологических, морфологических и клинических аспектов, а также представить методологию лучевого обследования таких больных, систематизировать и проиллюстрировать основные и редкие КТ-симптомы септической эмболии.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Проанализированы данные отечественных и зарубежных научных публикаций за 2001-2021 гг. на платформах PubMed, Elibrary и др., а также более ранних “классических” работ в отношении сепсиса, инфекционного эндокардита и септической эмболии легких. Также представлен собственный опыт работы с подобными пациентами в многопрофильных стационарах и характерные иллюстративные случаи с учетом более 5 лет опыта работы по данной теме в отделениях лучевой диагностики во взаимодействии с со смежными специалистами (кардиологи, терапевты, гнойные хирурги, морфологи). Результаты. Из 162 имеющихся публикаций выбраны 52 наиболее актуальных научных источника.</p><p>По результатам составлен обзор по особенностям терминологии, эпидемиологии, причин, клинической картины, а также методов диагностики септической эмболии легких, КТ-семиотики в рамках верифицированных наблюдений при первичном сканировании, а также в динамике, что является крайне важным в дифференциальной диагностике. Блок с патологической анатомией септической эмболии позволяет лучше понять КТ-семиотику и отличие данного процесса от обычной пневмонии.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. В связи с тем, что септическая эмболия является вторичным процессом, правильная и своевременная интерпретация КТ-картины инициирует поиск первичного гнойного источника эмболии в организме, а наблюдение в динамике (особенно при инфекционном эндокардите) позволяет дополнительно оценивать эффективность проводимой терапии.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Aim</title><p>Aim. To form for viewers an actual vision of the issue of septic pulmonary embolism in the terminological, morphological and clinical aspects, as well as presentation of the methodic of medical imaging of such patients, to systematize and illustrate the main and rare CT signs of septic embolism.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. We analyze the data of national and foreign scientific papers for 2001-2021 on the platforms PubMed, Elibrary, etc., as well as earlier "classic" publications on sepsis, infectious endocarditis and septic pulmonary embolism. Also presents own experience of practice with such patients in multidisciplinary hospitals and typical cases, taking into account more than 5 years of experience on this topic in radiology departments in cooperation with related specialists (cardiologists, therapists, purulent surgeons, morphologists).</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. 52 of the most relevant scientific papers were selected from 162 available articles. Based on the results, a review was compiled on the peculiarities of terminology, epidemiology, etiology, clinical presentations, as well as methods for diagnosis of septic pulmonary embolism, CT signs of verified cases during primary scanning, as well as follow-up images, which is extremely important in differential diagnosis. The part with the pathological anatomy of septic embolism makes it possible to better understand CT signs and the difference between this process from ordinary pneumonia.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. Due to the fact that septic embolism is a secondary process, the correct and quick interpretation of the CT images initiates the search for the primary purulent source of embolism in the body, and follow-up CT-scans (especially in infectious endocarditis) allows you to assess the effectiveness of therapy.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>септическая эмболия</kwd><kwd>легкие</kwd><kwd>сепсис</kwd><kwd>полости</kwd><kwd>инфекционный эндокардит</kwd><kwd>инфаркт легкого</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>septic embolism</kwd><kwd>lungs</kwd><kwd>sepsis</kwd><kwd>cavities</kwd><kwd>infectious endocarditis</kwd><kwd>lung infarction</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Дунаев А.П., Шейх Ж.В., Кармазановский Г.Г., Дребушевский Н.С. Лучевая диагностика острых деструктивных воспалительных процессов в легких. М.: Издательский дом Видар-М, 2016. 104 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Dunaev A.P., Sheikh Zh.V., Karmazanovsky G.G., Drebushevsky N.S. Radiology diagnostics of acute destructive inflammatory processes in the lungs. M.: Publishing House Vidar-M, 2016. 104 p. (In Russian)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bone R.C. Toward an Epidemiology and Natural History of SIRS. JAMA. 1992; 268: 3452–3455.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bone R.C. Toward an Epidemiology and Natural History of SIRS. JAMA. 1992; 268: 3452–3455.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Сепсис в начале XXI в. Классификация, клинико-диагностическая концепция и лечение. Патолого анатомическая диагностика: Практическое руководство. М.: Изд-во НЦССХ им. А.Н. Бакулева РАМН, 2004. 130 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sepsis at the beginning of the XXI century. Classification, clinical and diagnostic concept and treatment. Pathoanatomic diagnostics: A practical guide. Moscow: Publishing House of the A.N. Bakulev NCSSH RAMS, 2004. 130 p. (In Russian)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Козлов В.К. Сепсис, тяжелый сепсис, септической шок: патогенетическое обоснование диагноза, клиническая интерпретация, принципы и методология диагностики. Клинико-лабораторный консилиум. 2014; 2 (49): 20–40.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kozlov V.K. Sepsis, severe sepsis, septic shock: pathogenetic justification of the diagnosis, clinical interpretation, principles and methodology of diagnosis. Clinical and Laboratory Consultation. 2014; 2 (49): 20–40. (In Russian)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Устьянцева И.М., Хохлова О.И., Петухова О.В. и др. Критерии синдрома системного воспалительного ответа (SIRS) в ранней диагностике сепсиса у больных с политравмой. Политравма. 2010; 1: 13–16.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ustyantseva I.M., Khokhlova O.I., Petukhova O.V. et al. Criteria of systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) in early diagnosis of sepsis in patients with polytrauma. Polytrauma. 2010; 1: 13–16. (In Russian)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Рожков А.С., Лебедев В.Ф., Кобиашвили М.Г. Сепсис. Избранные вопросы терапии инфекционных больных / Под общей ред. Ю.В. Лобзина. СПб.: Фолиант, 2005: 855–879.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Rozhkov A.S., Lebedev V.F., Kobiashvili M.G. Sepsis. Selected issues of therapy of infectious patients / Under the general editorship of Yu.V. Lobzin. SPb.: Folio, 2005: 855–879. (In Russian)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Singer M., Deuschman C.S., Seymour C.W. et al. The Third International Consensus definitions for Sepsis and Septic Shock (Sepsis-3). JAMA. 2016; 315 (8): 801–810.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Singer M., Deuschman C.S., Seymour C.W. et al. The Third International Consensus definitions for Sepsis and Septic Shock (Sepsis-3). JAMA. 2016; 315 (8): 801–810.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Руднов В.А., Кулабухов В.В. Сепсис-3: обновленные ключевые положения, потенциальные проблемы и практические шаги. Вестник анестезиологии и реаниматологии. 2016; 13 (4): 4–11.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Rudnov V.A., Kulabukhov V.V. Sepsis-3: updated key provisions, potential problems and practical steps. Bulletin of Anesthesiology and Reanimatology. 2016; 13 (4): 4–11. (In Russian)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Vincent J.L., Opal S.M., Marshall J.C. et al. Sepsis definitions: time for change. Lancet. 2013; 381 (9868): 774–775.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Vincent J.L., Opal S.M., Marshall J.C. et al. Sepsis definitions: time for change. Lancet. 2013; 381 (9868): 774–775.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Япалова К.С., Жмуров В.А., Рогожкина Ю.А. Септическая пневмония при инфекционном эндокардите. Университетская медицина Урала. 2019; 2: 46–47.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Yapalova K.S., Zhmurov V.A., Rogozhkina Yu.A. Septic pneumonia in infectious endocarditis. University Medicine of the Urals. 2019; 2: 46–47. (In Russian)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Чипигина Н.С., Куличенко В.П., Виноградова Т.Л., Большакова М.А. Поражение легких при инфекционном эндокардите. Клиницист. 2008; 2: 28–33.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Chipigina N.S., Kulichenko V.P., Vinogradova T.L., Bolshakova M.A. Lung damage in infectious endocarditis. The Clinician. 2008; 2: 28–33. (In Russian)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Уланова В.И., Мазуров В.И. Инфекционный эндокардит у лиц с наркотической зависимостью: клиникоморфологические особенности и результаты консервативной терапии. Вестник Санкт-Петербургской академии последипломного образования. 2010; 4 (2): 43–47.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ulanova V.I., Mazurov V.I. Infectious endocarditis in people with drug addiction: clinical and morphological features and results of conservative therapy. Bulletin of the St. Petersburg Academy of Postgraduate Education. 2010; 4 (2): 43–47. (In Russian)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Демко И.В., Пелиновская Л.И., Манхаева М.В. и др. Особенности течения инфекционного эндокардита у инъекционных наркоманов. Российский кардиологический журнал. 2019; 24 (6): 97–102. https://doi.org/10.15829/1560-4071-2019-6-97-102</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Demko I.V., Pelinovskaya L.I., Mankhayeva M.V. et al. Features of infective endocarditis in injection drug users. Russian Journal of Cardiology. 2019; 24 (6): 97–102. https://doi.org/10.15829/1560-4071-2019-6-97-102 (In Russian)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Чипигина Н.С., Карпова Н.Ю., Белова М.В., Савилов Н.П. Инфекционный эндокардит: трудности диагностики. Клиницист. 2020; 14 (1–2): 82–90. https://doi.org/10.17650/1818-8338-2020-14-1-2-82-90</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Chipigina N.S., Karpova N.Yu., Belova M.V., Savilov N.P. Infective endocarditis: diagnostic difficulties. The Clinician. 2020; 14 (1–2): 82–90. https://doi.org/10.17650/1818-8338-2020-14-1-2-82-90 (In Russian)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Алиева А.М., Резник Е.В., Никитин И.Г. и др. Клинический случай инфекционного эндокардита аорталь ного клапана у пациентки старческого возраста. Лечебное дело. 2018; 2: 114–119. https://doi.org/10.24411/2071-5315-2018-12010</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Alieva A.M., Reznik E.V., Nikitin I.G. et al. A clinical case of infectious aortic valve endocarditis in an elderly patient. Lechebnoe delo. 2018; 2: 114–119. https://doi.org/10.24411/2071-5315-2018-12010 (In Russian)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Войцеховский В.В., Коржова Н.В., Гоборов Н.Д. и др. Поражение легких у больных с наркотической зависимостью. Бюллетень физиологии и патологии дыхания. 2018; 68: 79–91. https://doi.org/10.12737/article_5b19d77f5e9a60.82681424</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Voitsekhovskiy V.V., Korzhova N.V., Goborov N.D. et al. Lung damage in patients with drug addiction. Bulletin of Physiology and Pathology of Respiration. 2018; 68: 79–91. https://doi.org/10.12737/article_5b19d77f5e9a60.82681424 (In Russian)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Тарадин Г.Г., Игнатенко Г.А., Ракитская И.В. и др. Практические аспекты профилактики инфекционного эндокардита. Кардиоваскулярная терапия и профилактика. 2021; 20 (2): 2564. https://doi.org/10.15829/1728-8800-2021-2564</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Taradin G.G., Ignatenko G.A., Rakitskaya I.V. et al. Practical aspects of infective endocarditis prevention. Cardiovascular Therapy and Prevention. 2021; 20 (2): 2564. https://doi.org/10.15829/1728-8800-2021-2564 (In Russian)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Inchaustegui C.A., Wang K.Y., Teniola O., Rosen V.L. Large septic pulmonary embolus complicating streptococcus mutans pulmonary valve endocarditis. Radiology Case. 2018; 12 (2): 18–27. https://doi.org/10.3941/jrcr.vl2i2.3240</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Inchaustegui C.A., Wang K.Y., Teniola O., Rosen V.L. Large septic pulmonary embolus complicating streptococcus mutans pulmonary valve endocarditis. Radiology Case. 2018; 12 (2): 18–27. https://doi.org/10.3941/jrcr.vl2i2.3240</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Chou Deng-Wei, Wu Shu-Ling, Chung Kuo-Mou et al. Septic pulmonary embolism requiring critical care: clinicoradiological spectrum, causative pathogens and outcomes. CLINICS. 2016; 71 (10): 562–569. https://doi.org/10.6061/clinics/2016(10)02</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Chou Deng-Wei, Wu Shu-Ling, Chung Kuo-Mou et al. Septic pulmonary embolism requiring critical care: clinicoradiological spectrum, causative pathogens and outcomes. CLINICS. 2016; 71 (10): 562–569. https://doi.org/10.6061/clinics/2016(10)02</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Баландина И.А., Пастухов А.Д., Нагаев А.С., Баландин В.А. Рентгенологические признаки острых воспалительных заболеваний органов грудной полости у ВИЧ-инфицированных пациентов. Успехи современной науки. 2016; 12 (5): 61–64.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Balandina I. A., Pastukhov A.D., Nagaev A. S., Balandin V.A. Radiological signs of acute inflammatory diseases of the thorax in HIV-infected patients. The Successes of Modern Science. 2016; 12 (5): 61–64. (In Russian)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit21"><label>21</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Осипова Е.Д., Осипов А.О., Полянкина О.В. и др. Особенности течения инфекционного эндокардита у ВИЧ-инфицированных пациентов, диагностика и лечение. Научный альманах. 2017; 5–3 (31): 206–214. https://doi.org/10.17117/na.2017.05.03.206</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Osipova E.D., Osipov A.O., Polyanina O.V. et al. Features of the course of infectious endocarditis in HIV-infected patients, diagnosis and treatment. Scientific Almanac. 2017; 5–3 (31): 206–214. https://doi.org/10.17117/na.2017.05.03.206 (In Russian)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit22"><label>22</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Song X., Li S., Cao J. et al. Cardiac septic pulmonary embolism. A retrospective analysis of 20 cases in a Chinese population. Medicine. 2016; 95: 25.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Song X., Li S., Cao J. et al. Cardiac septic pulmonary embolism. A retrospective analysis of 20 cases in a Chinese population. Medicine. 2016; 95: 25.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit23"><label>23</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Twito J., Sahra S., Jahangir A. et al. A curious case of MRSA bacteremia and septic pulmonary embolism secondary to peripheral venous catheter. Case Rep. Crit. Care. 2021; article ID 5544505, 4 pages. https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/5544505</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Twito J., Sahra S., Jahangir A. et al. A curious case of MRSA bacteremia and septic pulmonary embolism secondary to peripheral venous catheter. Case Rep. Crit. Care. 2021; article ID 5544505, 4 pages. https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/5544505</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit24"><label>24</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Баклаушев В.П., Кулемзин С.В., Горчаков А.А. и др. COVID-19. Этиология, патогенез, диагностика и лечение. Клиническая практика. 2020; 11 (1): 7–20. https://doi.org/10.17816/clinpract26339</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Baklaushev V.P., Kulemzin S.V., Gorchakov А.А. et al. COVID-19. Etiology, Pathogenesis, Diagnosis and Treatment. Journal of Clinical Practice. 2020; 11 (1): 7–20. https://doi.org/10.17816/clinpract26339 (In Russian)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit25"><label>25</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Rogani S., Calsoralo V., Franchi R. et al. Spontaneous muscle hematoma in older patients with COVID-19: two case reports and literature review. BMC Geriatrics. 2020; 20: 539. https://doi.org/10.1186/s.12877-020-01963-4</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Rogani S., Calsoralo V., Franchi R. et al. Spontaneous muscle hematoma in older patients with COVID-19: two case reports and literature review. BMC Geriatrics. 2020; 20: 539. https://doi.org/10.1186/s.12877-020-01963-4</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit26"><label>26</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Данилов А.И., Абраменкова Н.Ю., Милягин В.А. Современные методы визуализации поражения клапан ного аппарата сердца при инфекционном эндокардите. Трудный пациент. 2019; 10(17): 10–12. https://doi.org/10.24411/2074-1995-2019-10068</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Danilov A.I., Abramenkova N.Yu., Milyagin V.A. Modern methods of visualization of the lesion of the valvular apparatus of the heart in infectious endocarditis. A Difficult Patient. 2019; 10 (17): 10–12. https://doi.org/10.24411/2074-1995-2019-10068 (In Russian)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit27"><label>27</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Mendez-Echevarria A., Coronado-Poggio M., BaqueroArtigao F. et al. Septic pulmonary emboli detected by 18@F-FDG PET/CT in children with S. aureus catheterrelated bacteremia. Infection. 2017; 45 (5): 691–696. https://doi.org/10.1007/s15010-017-0992-5</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mendez-Echevarria A., Coronado-Poggio M., BaqueroArtigao F. et al. Septic pulmonary emboli detected by 18@F-FDG PET/CT in children with S. aureus catheterrelated bacteremia. Infection. 2017; 45 (5): 691–696. https://doi.org/10.1007/s15010-017-0992-5</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit28"><label>28</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Gomes A., Glaudemans A. W., Touw D. J. et al. Diagnostic value of imaging in infective endocarditis: a systematic review. Lancet Infect. Dis. 2017; 17 (1): e1–14. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(16)30141-4</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gomes A., Glaudemans A. W., Touw D. J. et al. Diagnostic value of imaging in infective endocarditis: a systematic review. Lancet Infect. Dis. 2017; 17 (1): e1–14. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(16)30141-4</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit29"><label>29</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Гнойные заболевания плевры и легких / Под ред. Куприянова П.А. Л.: Медгиз, 1955. 506 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Purulent diseases of the pleura and lungs / Ed. By Kupriyanov P.A. L.: Medgiz, 1955. 506 p. (In Russian)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit30"><label>30</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ojeda Gómez J.S.A., Carrillo Bayona J.A., Morales Cifuentes L.C. Septic pulmonary embolism secondary to Klebsiella pneumoniae epididymitis: case report and literature review. Case Rep. Radiol. 2019; 2019: 5395090. https://doi.org/10.1155/2019/5395090</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ojeda Gómez J.S.A., Carrillo Bayona J.A., Morales Cifuentes L.C. Septic pulmonary embolism secondary to Klebsiella pneumoniae epididymitis: case report and literature review. Case Rep. Radiol. 2019; 2019: 5395090. https://doi.org/10.1155/2019/5395090</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit31"><label>31</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Huang R-M., Naidich D. P., Lubat E. et al. Septic pulmonary emboli: CT-radiographic correlation. Am. J. Roentgenol. 1989; 153: 41–45.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Huang R-M., Naidich D. P., Lubat E. et al. Septic pulmonary emboli: CT-radiographic correlation. Am. J. Roentgenol. 1989; 153: 41–45.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit32"><label>32</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lee S.J., Weon Y.C., Cha H.J. et al. A case of atypical skull base osteomyelitis with septic pulmonary embolism. J. Korean Med. Sci. 2011; 26: 962–965. https://doi.org/10.3346/jkms.2011.26.7.962</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lee S.J., Weon Y.C., Cha H.J. et al. A case of atypical skull base osteomyelitis with septic pulmonary embolism. J. Korean Med. Sci. 2011; 26: 962–965. https://doi.org/10.3346/jkms.2011.26.7.962</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit33"><label>33</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Mustafa Mahmood Eid. Infective endocarditis with embolic renal infarct presenting as acute abdomen. Clin. Exp. Emerg. Med. 2021; 8 (2): 145–148. https://doi.org/10.15441/ceem.20.037</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mustafa Mahmood Eid. Infective endocarditis with embolic renal infarct presenting as acute abdomen. Clin. Exp. Emerg. Med. 2021; 8 (2): 145–148. https://doi.org/10.15441/ceem.20.037</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit34"><label>34</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Пархоменко Ю.Г., Зайратьянц О.В., Макарова О.В. Сепсис. Инфекционный эндокардит. Этиология, патогенез, классификация, патологическая анатомия. М.: Группа МДВ, 2013. 104 с</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Parkhomenko Yu.G., Zairatiants O.V., Makarova O.V. Sepsis. Infectious endocarditis. Etiology, pathogenesis, classification, pathological anatomy. M.: MDV Group, 2013. 104 p. (In Russian)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit35"><label>35</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Богатов А.И., Мустафин Д.Г. Осложненная стафилококковая пневмония у взрослых. М.: Медицина. 1984. 175 c.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bogatov A.I., Mustafin D.G. Complicated staphylococcal pneumonia in adults. M.: Medicine. 1984. 175 p. (In Russian)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit36"><label>36</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hussain S.T., Witten J., Shrestha N.K. et al. Tricuspid valve endocarditis. Ann. Cardiothorac. Surg. 2017; 6 (3): 255–261. https://doi.org/10.21037/acs.2017.03.09</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hussain S.T., Witten J., Shrestha N.K. et al. Tricuspid valve endocarditis. Ann. Cardiothorac. Surg. 2017; 6 (3): 255–261. https://doi.org/10.21037/acs.2017.03.09</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit37"><label>37</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Лобзин А.В., Левина А.С. Клинические маски инфекционного эндокардита. Журнал инфектологии. 2015; 2 (7): 14–20.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lobzin A.V., Levina A.S. Clinical masks of infectious endocarditis. Journal of Infectology. 2015; 2 (7): 14–20. (In Russian)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit38"><label>38</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Almeida R.R., Marchiori E., Flores E.J. Frequency and reliability of the reversed halo sign in patients with septic pulmonary embolism due to IV substance use disorder. Am. J. Roentgenol. 2020; 214: 1–9. https://doi.org/10.2214/AJR.19.21659</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Almeida R.R., Marchiori E., Flores E.J. Frequency and reliability of the reversed halo sign in patients with septic pulmonary embolism due to IV substance use disorder. Am. J. Roentgenol. 2020; 214: 1–9. https://doi.org/10.2214/AJR.19.21659</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit39"><label>39</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hong G., Kim Y.S. Recurrent septic pulmonary embolism related to an implanted central venous access port device. Chin. Med. J. 2018; 131: 3009–3011. https://doi.org/10.4103/0366-6999.247196</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hong G., Kim Y.S. Recurrent septic pulmonary embolism related to an implanted central venous access port device. Chin. Med. J. 2018; 131: 3009–3011. https://doi.org/10.4103/0366-6999.247196</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit40"><label>40</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Jing J., Qiu-li L., Li-hua L. et al. Septic pulmonary embolism in China: clinical features and analysis of prognostic factors for mortality in 98 cases. BMC Infectious Diseases. 2019; 19: 1082. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12879-019-4672-1</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Jing J., Qiu-li L., Li-hua L. et al. Septic pulmonary embolism in China: clinical features and analysis of prognostic factors for mortality in 98 cases. BMC Infectious Diseases. 2019; 19: 1082. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12879-019-4672-1</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit41"><label>41</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Котова Е.О., Домонова Э.А., Кобалава Ж.Д. и др. Современные тренды этиологической диагностики инфекционного эндокардита. Рациональная фармакотерапия в кардиологии. 2021; 17 (1): 153–164. https://doi.org/10.20996/1819-6446-2021-02-14.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kotova E.O., Domonova E.A., Kobalava Zh.D. et al. Modern trends in identification of causative agents in infective endocarditis. Rational Pharmacotherapy in Cardiology. 2021; 17 (1): 153–164. https://doi.org/10.20996/1819- 6446-2021-02-14 (In Russian)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit42"><label>42</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Iwasaki Y., Nagata K., Masaki N., Natuhara A. et al. Spiral CT findings in septic pulmonary emboli. Eur. J. Radiol. 2001; 37: 190–194.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Iwasaki Y., Nagata K., Masaki N., Natuhara A. et al. Spiral CT findings in septic pulmonary emboli. Eur. J. Radiol. 2001; 37: 190–194.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit43"><label>43</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Сухова М.Б., Медведев А.П. Ранняя контрастная многосрезовая компьютерная томографическая диагностика септической эмболии легочной артерии и случай успешного хирургического лечения. Вестник рент генологии и радиологии. 2019; 100 (5): 304–308. https://doi.org/10.20862/0042-4676-2019-100-5-304-308</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sukhova M.B., Medvedev А.P. Early Сontrast-Enhanced Multispiral Computed Tomographic Diagnosis of Septic Pulmonary Embolism and a Case of Successful Surgical Treatment. Journal of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine. 2019; 100 (5): 304–308. https://doi.org/10.20862/0042-4676-2019-100-5-304-308 (In Russian)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit44"><label>44</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Veras R.O., Barasuol L.L., de Lira C.P. et al. Lemierre syndrome: case report. J. Vasc. Bras. 2018; 17 (4): 337–340. https://doi.org/10.1590/1677-5449.002418</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Veras R.O., Barasuol L.L., de Lira C.P. et al. Lemierre syndrome: case report. J. Vasc. Bras. 2018; 17 (4): 337–340. https://doi.org/10.1590/1677-5449.002418</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit45"><label>45</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Medina F., Tatay M., Smati M. et al. Lemierre’s syndrome: an unusual presentation. Med. Mal. Infect. 2015; 45 (8): 328–330. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.medmal.2015.05.009</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Medina F., Tatay M., Smati M. et al. Lemierre’s syndrome: an unusual presentation. Med. Mal. Infect. 2015; 45 (8): 328–330. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.medmal.2015.05.009</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit46"><label>46</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kuhlman J.E., Fishman E.K., Teigen C. Pulmonary septic emboli: diagnosis with CT. Radiology. 1990; 174: 211–213.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kuhlman J.E., Fishman E.K., Teigen C. Pulmonary septic emboli: diagnosis with CT. Radiology. 1990; 174: 211–213.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit47"><label>47</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Винокуров А.С., Смирнова А.Д., Беленькая О.И. и др. Клинико-рентгенологические варианты поражения легких при инфекции, вызванной Staphylococcus aureus. Клиническая практика. 2021; 12 (3): 71–89. https://doi.org/10.17816/clinpract71642</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Vinokurov A.S., Smirnova A.D., Belenkaya O.I., et al. Clinical and radiological variants of lung damage in infection caused by Staphylococcus aureus. Clinical Practice. 2021; 12 (3): 71–89. https://doi.org/10.17816/clinpract71642 (In Russian)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit48"><label>48</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Okabe M., Kasai K., Yokoo T. Pneumothorax secondary to septic pulmonary emboli in a long-term hemodialysis patients with psoas abscess. Intern. Med. 2017; 56: 3243–3247. https://doi.org/10.2169/internalmedicine.9050-17</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Okabe M., Kasai K., Yokoo T. Pneumothorax secondary to septic pulmonary emboli in a long-term hemodialysis patients with psoas abscess. Intern. Med. 2017; 56: 3243–3247. https://doi.org/10.2169/internalmedicine.9050-17</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit49"><label>49</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Медведев А. П., Федоров С. А., Пичугин В. В. и др. Катетер-индуцированный инфекционный эндокардит, осложненный эмболией легочной артерии: успешное хирургическое лечение. Вестник хирургии имени И.И. Грекова. 2020; 179 (3): 85–90. https://doi.org/10.24884/0042-4625-2020-179-3-85-90</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Medvedev A.P., Fedorov S.A., Pichugin V.V. et al. Catheterinduced infectious endocarditis complicated by pulmonary embolism: successful surgical treatment. Grekov's Bulletin of Surgery. 2020; 179 (3): 85–90. https://doi.org/10.24884/0042-4625-2020-179-3-85-90 (In Russian)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit50"><label>50</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Oh G. H., Cha S.-I., Shin K.-M. et al. Risk factors for mortality in patients with septic pulmonary embolism. J. Infect. Chemoter. 2016; 22: 553–558. https://doi.org/10.106/j.jiac.2016.05.008</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Oh G. H., Cha S.-I., Shin K.-M. et al. Risk factors for mortality in patients with septic pulmonary embolism. J. Infect. Chemoter. 2016; 22: 553–558. https://doi.org/10.106/j.jiac.2016.05.008</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit51"><label>51</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Винокуров А.С., Юдин А.Л., Беленькая О.И. КТ-семиотика септической эмболии легких и ее осложнений . Медицинская визуализация. 2018; 22 (6): 23–32. https://doi.org/10.24835/1607-0763-2018-6-23-32</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Vinokurov A.S., Yudin A.L., Belenkaya O.I. CT-semiotics of septic pulmonary embolism and its complications. Medical Visualization. 2018; 22 (6): 23–32. https://doi.org/10.24835/1607-0763-2018-6-23-32 (In Russian)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit52"><label>52</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Galili Y., Lytle M., Carlan S., Madruga M. Bilateral pneumothoraces: a rare complication of septic pulmonary emboli in intravenous drug abusers. Am. J. Case Rep. 2018; 19: 829–832. https://doi.org/10.12659/AJCR.91037</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Galili Y., Lytle M., Carlan S., Madruga M. Bilateral pneumothoraces: a rare complication of septic pulmonary emboli in intravenous drug abusers. Am. J. Case Rep. 2018; 19: 829–832. https://doi.org/10.12659/AJCR.91037</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
